美国经常声称发明了互联网，但英国人声称它是由英国人蒂姆·伯纳斯-李爵士发明的。谁是真正正确的？

The USA often claims to have invented the internet, yet the British claim it was invented by a Brit, namely Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Who is actually correct?

2022-07-16 1203960296 13442 20 8 收藏纠错&举报

译文简介

网友：蒂姆·伯纳斯·李。他在瑞士CERN工作时发明了HTTP/HTML。温顿·瑟夫，他在一次商务午餐中在餐巾纸上发明了TCP/IP。

正文翻译

Erik Hörnfeldt
Studied at Stockholm University (Graduated 1979)Upvoted by
Brayden Swanson, Studied history extensively for six years and
Jess Morgan, lives in The United States of America (1986-present)

曾就读于斯德哥尔摩大学(1979年毕业)。
布雷登·斯旺森，对历史进行了六年的广泛研究，
杰西·摩根，《生活在美利坚合众国》(1986至今)

That is Tim Berners-Lee to the left. He invented HTTP/HTML while working at CERN in Switzerland. To the right is Vint Cerf who invented TCP/IP on a napkin during a business lunch.

左边是蒂姆·伯纳斯·李。他在瑞士CERN工作时发明了HTTP/HTML。右边是温顿·瑟夫，他在一次商务午餐中在餐巾纸上发明了TCP/IP。

HTTP/HTML are the protocols for creating pages of information and lixing them over the Internet.

HTTP/HTML是用于创建信息页面并在Internet上将它们链接起来的协议。

TCP/IP are the protocols that create the actual network out of computers that have a physical connection between them

TCP/IP是在计算机之间有物理连接的计算机之外创建实际网络的协议

TCP/IP created the Internet but HTTP/HTML made it popular

TCP/IP创造了互联网，但HTTP/HTML让它流行起来

The Internet was developed in the USA using money from the US Department of Defense.

互联网是在美国使用美国国防部的资金发展起来的。

Argument settled.

争论解决了。

图

评论翻译

Mark Harrison
Lived here since 1970Upvoted by
Shabaz M. Sheikh, BA History & Economics, Kuvempu University, Shimoga (2022)

自1970年以来一直住在这里。
沙巴兹·M·谢赫，库文普大学历史与经济学学士，希莫加(2022)

Internet: invented by Americans at DARPA.

互联网: 由美国国防部高级研究计划局发明。

World Wide Web: invented by a Brit at CERN.

万维网: 由欧洲核子研究中心的一位英国人发明。

The Internet is the network. The WWW is websites.

互联网就是网络。WWW就是网站。

Websites are one type of thing that uses the underlying network.

网站是一种使用底层网络的东西。

Email is delivered over the Internet, but not over the web.

电子邮件是通过互联网发送的，但不是通过网址。

Skype calls run over the Internet, but not over the web.

Skype通话通过互联网进行，但不能通过网址进行。（Skype是一款通信应用软件）

So do Facetime calls

Facetime通话也是如此（FaceTime是苹果公司的一种视频通话应用软件）

So does Fortnite multi-player game stuff.

多人游戏的《堡垒之夜》也是如此。

Roberto Santocho
40+ Years High Tech/Silicon Valley Startups at Consultants (1977–present)
Q: The USA often claims to have invented the internet, yet the British claim it was invented by a Brit, namely Sir Tim Berners-Lee. Who is actually correct?

40年以上的高科技/硅谷创业咨询公司(1977年至今）
问:美国经常声称互联网是由美国人发明的，而英国人却声称互联网是由英国人蒂姆·伯纳斯·李爵士发明的。到底谁是对的

A: Fact Check: The United States of America did in fact invent and deploy The Internet. There is absolutely no doubt about that.

答:事实核查:事实上，美国确实发明并部署了互联网。这是毫无疑问的。

The Internet is an American invention started in the 1960s, it was developed as a military project to have a communications system that could withstand multiple outages due to enemy attack, and still function in a usable manner.

互联网是美国人在20世纪60年代开始的发明，它是作为一个军事项目开发的，目的是使通信系统能够承受由于敌人攻击而造成的多次中断，并且仍然以可用的方式运行。

The key characteristics are a mesh network so that any number of nodes could be knocked out by enemy attack and the rest of the nodes would keep working.

关键特征是网状网络，因此任何数量的节点都可以被敌人的攻击击倒，而其余的节点将继续工作。

Packet Switching was adopted in 1967 to make the datas flowing on the Internet move about on its own without human correction due to outages.

分组交换在1967年被采用，以使在互联网上流动的数据自己移动，而不需要由于中断而进行人工校正。

The Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is an agency that develops mostly futuristic military technology for the United States Government, and was who was running the project we now know as The Internet, they called the network ARPANET in 1967.

国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)是一个主要为美国政府开发未来军事技术的机构，也是负责我们现在所知的互联网项目的运营，他们在1967年称之为阿帕网。

DARPA then changed the name to NSFnet when the project was given to the United States National Science Foundation to manage, so that it would not be seen as a purely military project.

当这个项目被交给美国国家科学基金会管理时，DARPA将其名称改为NSFnet，这样它就不会被视为一个纯粹的军事项目。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Al Gore, US politician, then pushed to have the NSFnet opened to the public which it was in the 1990s and was then renamed to The Internet.

当时，美国政治家阿尔戈尔推动美国国家科学基金会网络向公众开放，就像上世纪90年代那样，然后更名为互联网。

The United States built The Internet from a few connections between West Coast universities, to add more universities, then a few private companies (all while the military was quietly on it as well), to the point where other countries wanted to participate in The Internet, so the United States allowed any and all other countries to connect to the United States for free (they had to provide their own copper or fiber optic connection) and that is how The Internet grew from servicing only the United States to servicing the entire world.

美国建立了互联网，从西海岸的几所大学之间的一些连接，到连接更多的大学，然后是几家私人公司(所有这些都是军方在悄悄地进行的)，到其他国家想要参与到互联网中，因此，美国允许任何其他国家免费连接到美国(他们必须提供自己的铜或光纤连接)，这就是互联网如何从只服务于美国发展到服务于整个世界。

Notice that Tim Berners-Lee had nothing to do with it so far and he was not a “Sir” at this moment in time.

请注意，到目前为止，蒂姆·伯纳斯·李与此事无关，此时此刻，他也不是什么“爵士”。
原创翻译：龙腾网 https://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

In 1989, decades after the United States Military had launched the project that we now call “The Internet”, and after The Internet was deployed worldwide, Tim Berners-Lee came up with an idea to create the World Wide Web (in Switzerland) to share ideas with anyone and everyone, we call that The Web, or Web Pages now.

1989年，在美国军方启动了我们现在称之为“互联网”的项目几十年后，在互联网在世界范围内部署后，蒂姆·伯纳斯·李提出了一个想法，即创建万维网(在瑞士)来与任何人和每个人分享想法，我们称之为网络，或网页。

World Wide Web (web pages, web sites) is only one of many functions of The Internet.

万维网(网页、网站)只是互联网的众多功能之一。

Note: Tim Berners-Lee’s original idea never actually happened, to this day we still do not have the fully interactive web pages that he actually created, what we have is much less than that now but we still manage to give him credit for only creating a partial solution.

注意:蒂姆·伯纳斯·李的最初想法从未真正发生过，直到今天我们仍然没有他实际创造的，那种完全互动的网页，我们现在拥有的比那少得多，但我们仍然认为他只创建了部分解决方案。

Tim Berners-Lee created WorldWideWeb which was software developed on his NeXT computer running the NeXTStep operating system (NeXT was an American computer company founded by Steve Jobs when he left Apple Computer, so lets not forget to credit an American computer for enabling this invention), NeXT was subsequently sold to Apple and is now known as macOS, that WorldWideWeb software was a server and a client that allowed for Interactive sharing of information, in that you would put up a WorldWideWeb web page and anyone in the world could edit and change it.

蒂姆·伯纳斯·李创建了万维网，该软件是在他的下一台运行NeXTStep操作系统的电脑上开发的（下一台电脑是史蒂夫·乔布斯离开苹果时创建的一家美国电脑公司，所以不要忘了感谢一台美国电脑促成了这项发明），下一台电脑后来被出售给了苹果，现在被称为macOS，万维网软件是一个服务器和一个客户端，它允许交互共享信息，你可以建立一个万维网的网页，世界上任何人都可以编辑和更改它。

We do not have that ability to this day.

到今天为止，我们还没有这种能力。

So the only thing that Tim created that we actually use today is the static web page that you can look at, but can't change, nor edit in any way at all.

蒂姆创造的唯一一件我们今天使用的东西就是静态网页，你可以查看，但不能更改，也不能编辑。

The Internet did plenty of things and had plenty of functionality years before Tim, we had eMail which is still the most used function on The Internet, Tim simply patterned his Internet access app after the Macintosh and NeXT user interface, to combine the existing functions into one easy to use app, just lie Apple’s Lisa/Mac user experience made the previous personal computer functions easier to use.

在蒂姆之前的几年，互联网做了很多事情，有很多功能，我们有电子邮件，这仍然是互联网上最常用的功能，蒂姆只是模仿苹果的麦金塔电脑和耐斯特的用户界面设计了他的互联网接入应用程序，将现有的功能合并成一个易于使用的应用程序，只是苹果的Lisa/Mac用户体验使以前的个人电脑功能更容易使用。

The Brits are so enthralled with Tim that they had him knighted and give him false credit for inventing “The Internet” which he most certainly did not do, we had a variety of functions already popularized on The Internet for many years before Tim created WorldWideWeb, including email which is still there application of The Internet and which was the actual function that made The Internet useful to everyone on The Internet yet the Brits avoid giving credit to the United States for having actually invented The Internet nor for actually having invented Email.

英国人对蒂姆如此着迷，他们把他封为爵士，并错误地称赞他发明了“互联网”，但他肯定不是这样做的。在蒂姆创建万维网之前，我们有各种各样的功能已经在互联网上普及了很多年，包括电子邮件，这仍然是互联网的应用，这是实际的功能，使互联网对每个人都有用的互联网，但英国人避免承认美国实际上发明了互联网，也没有发明电子邮件。

Email is what made The Internet functional to all of us, the United States had invented email in the 1960s, which only worked within collaborative compatible systems, in 1971 ARPAnet standardized on an email format with the @ symbol so that we could determine which university, company or military agency the message should be routed to, it was at this point that the major functionality of The Internet was complete, which was 18 years before Tim and his WordWideWeb.

电子邮件使我们所有人都能使用互联网，美国在20世纪60年代发明了电子邮件，它只在协作兼容系统中工作，在1971年，阿帕网标准化了电子邮件格式与@符号，这样我们就可以确定邮件应该路由到哪所大学，公司或军事机构，这是在这一点上，互联网的主要功能是完整的，这比蒂姆和他的万维网早了18年。

Conclusion: It was the United States that invented The Internet and made it functional, many years before Time Berners-Lee created web pages.

总结:是美国发明了互联网，并使之具备了功能，比伯纳斯·李发明网页要早很多年。

upxe
Many hater comments here from those who who obviously don't know the facts who did not contribute to the actual construction of The Internet.

更新
许多人在这里讨厌那些显然不知道事实的人的评论，他们对互联网的实际建设没有贡献。

I am surprised to see so much backpedalling to rewrite history and try to discredit the US, so for those haters that just refuse to understand the truth, then realize that no one in Britain or the UK described anything like what we now know to be The Internet before 1941, in South America when Jorge Luis Borges published the Spanish poem “El jardín de senderos que se bifurcan” (“The Garden of Forking Paths”), a short story that first described hypertext, which is the earliest documented descxtion of what we would now call a GUI and a Web browser on the Internet, so even the entire concept was begat in The Americas.

我很惊讶地看到如此多的倒退来改写历史并试图诋毁美国，所以对于那些只是拒绝理解真相，然后意识到在1941年之前没有人在英国或英国描述我们现在所知的互联网的人来说，当豪尔赫·路易斯·博尔赫斯在南美洲发表西班牙语诗《El jardín de Senderos que se diburcan》(《分叉路径花园》)时，这是一个首先描述超文本的短篇小说，这是对我们现在称为互联网上的图形用户界面和网络浏览器的最早有记录的描述，所以即使整个概念也起源于美洲。

美国 互联网 英国人 蒂姆·伯纳斯-李爵士 发明

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