Young adults have dramatic loss of faith in UK democracy, survey reveals
-Report says sidelining of parliament by Tory government has further eroded trust in political system

一项调查显示,年轻人对英国民主的信心急剧下降
——报告称,保守党政府让议会靠边站,进一步侵蚀了人们对政治体系的信任


(Boris Johnson at PMQ's in the House of Commons on 30 March.)

(3月30日,下议院首相提问环节中的鲍里斯·约翰逊。)
新闻:

A dramatic loss of faith in the ability of British democracy to serve the interests of UK voters is revealed in a new report that finds that donors to political parties and big businesses are now commonly viewed by the electorate as the main drivers of government policy.

一份新报告显示,人们对英国民主服务于英国选民利益的能力严重丧失了信心。报告发现,选民目前普遍认为,政党和大企业的捐款人才是政府政策的主要推手。

Disturbing evidence that millions of voters feel their voices and views go largely unheard while big money interests hold most sway is uncovered in the latest report by the IPPR thinktank, in collaboration with the Observer, on the future of democracy.

IPPR智库在与《观察家报》合作的关于民主未来的最新报告中揭示了令人不安的证据,即数百万选民感到他们的声音和观点在很大程度上被忽视,而大的金钱利益占据了主导地位。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


The study, entitled Road to Renewal, draws on YouGov polling of 3,442 adults, which found that just 6% of voters in elections in Great Britain believe their views are the main influences behind eventual decisions on policy taken by government ministers.

这项名为《复兴之路》的研究利用了舆观对3442名成年人进行的民意调查,结果发现,只有6%的选民认为他们的观点在英国的选举中是政府部长最终政策决定背后的主要影响因素。

By contrast, more than four times as many (25%) believe major donors to political parties have the most influence over shaping policy, followed by business groups and corporations (16%), newspapers and the media (13%) and lobbyists and pressure groups (12%).

相比之下,超过四倍的人(25%)认为政党的主要捐赠者对政策的形成有最大的影响力,其次是商业团体和公司(16%)、报纸和媒体(13%)以及说客和压力集团(12%)。

Just 2% cite trade unxs as the main forces behind policy decisions, which the report’s authors note is “a remarkable shift since the 1970s and 1980s when concerns about overly powerful unxs was widespread”. The polling was jointly commissioned by IPPR, the Electoral Reform Society and Unlock Democracy.

只有2%的人认为工会是政策决定背后的主要力量,该报告的作者指出,这是“自20世纪70年代和80年代以来的显著转变,当时人们普遍担心工会权力过大”。这项调查是由IPPR、选举改革协会和“开启民主”联合委托进行的。

The study traces growing dissatisfaction with advanced democracies worldwide over recent decades, reflected in falling turnout at elections, falling party memberships, and more people switching loyalties, including to populist alternatives.

该研究追踪了近几十年来世界各地对先进民主国家日益增长的不满,反映为选举投票率下降、政党成员人数下降以及越来越多的人转变忠诚,包括转向民粹主义替代品。

It calls for an urgent rethink by mainstream parties of how democracy works in the UK, including steps to reconnect citizens with politics and politicians through devolution of more powers. It calls for greater checks on executive power to safeguard representative democracy, laying blame at the door of Boris Johnson’s government for ignoring parliament when it can.

它呼吁主流政党迫切反思英国的民主如何运作,包括采取措施,通过下放更多权力,让公民与政治和政治家重新建立联系。它呼吁加强对行政权力的检查,以保护代议制民主,并指责鲍里斯·约翰逊政府钻空子无视议会。

“The sidelining of parliament by the current government – including briefing to the media before MPs, passing sweeping pandemic legislation without parliamentary censure, minimal parliamentary oversight of Brexit negotiations and the prorogation of parliament,” were all examples of abuses that contributed to lack of faith in the democratic process.

“现任政府将议会边缘化——包括在议员面前向媒体通报情况,在没有议会谴责的情况下通过大规模流行病立法,议会对英国脱欧谈判的监督微乎其微,以及议会休会,”都是导致人们对民主进程缺乏信心的滥用例子。

The public’s verdict on politicians’ ability to comprehend their lives is damning. Asked how well they believed “politicians understood the lives of people like you”, a total of 78% of voting adults said badly, with this number split between the 36% who said “fairly badly” and 42% who answered “very badly”. Just 1% said “very well” and 12% “fairly well”.

公众对政客理解自己生活的能力的判断是毁灭性的。当被问及他们认为“政客们对你们这样的人的生活有多了解”时,共有78%的成年人表示不了解,其中36%的人认为“相当不了解”,42%的人认为“非常不了解”。只有1%的人说“很好”,12%的人说“相当好”。
原创翻译:龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处


Young UK adults (18-24) are least likely to say democracy serves them well (just 19% say it operates well against 55% who say badly), while those aged 65 and over are most likely to say it is working for them (46% say well and 47% badly.)

英国年轻人(18-24岁)最不可能认为民主对他们有好处(只有19%的人认为民主很好,55%的人认为民主不好),而65岁及以上的人最有可能认为民主对他们有好处(46%的人认为民主好,47%的人认为民主不好)。

IPPR warns that mainstream social democratic parties that fail to tackle the root causes of discontent with the political system jeopardise the foundations of liberal democracy and their own prospects of securing power.

IPPR警告称,如果主流社会民主党派未能解决人们对政治体制不满的根本原因,就会危及自由民主的基础,以及他们自己获得权力的前景。

Parth Patel, IPPR research fellow, said that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine had led many leaders to praise the merits of liberal democracies over those of dictatorships, despite the many shortcomings of the former in the eyes of UK voters.

IPPR研究员帕特·帕特尔表示,俄罗斯入侵乌克兰导致许多领导人称赞自由民主比那些集权体制的优点,尽管在英国选民眼中,自由民主有许多缺点。

“In the wake of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, our leaders have lined up to champion liberal democracy. But the reality is that the battle for democracy needs not only to be won abroad, it must be won at home too.

“在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰之后,我们的领导人团结起来捍卫自由民主。但现实是,民主之战不仅需要在国外取胜,还必须在国内取胜。

“In truth, democracies have not been delivering well for their citizens. Politicians and parties are increasingly out of touch, and the sway of ordinary citizens over public policy has declined. Many are opting out of political participation altogether, while large numbers have lent their support to populist challengers – signs of a protest against ‘democracy as usual’.”

“事实上,民主并没有给公民带来好的结果。政治家和政党越来越脱离现实,普通公民对公共政策的影响力也在下降。很多人选择完全不参与政治,同时也有很多人支持民粹主义挑战者——这是抗议‘一如既往的民主’的迹象。”

In the 1990s, the report says that around two-thirds of citizens of western Europe, North America, Northeast Asia and Australasia were satisfied with democracy in their countries. “Today a majority in these regions are dissatisfied. Nowhere has the rise in democratic dissatisfaction been steeper than in Anglo-Saxon democracies.”

该报告称,在上世纪90年代,西欧、北美、东北亚和大洋洲约三分之二的公民对本国的民主感到满意。“如今,这些地区的大多数人都不满意。没有哪个国家比盎格鲁-撒克逊民主国家对民主不满的上升幅度更大。”

Patel said mainstream political parties had too often tried to “imitate the populist agenda of their opponents, rather than to tackle the underlying causes of democratic discontent”.

帕特尔表示,主流政党过于频繁地试图“模仿其对手的民粹主义议程,而不是解决民主不满的根本原因”。

“They must now take a long, hard look in the mirror and commit to meaningful reforms that put the voices of citizens back at the centre of democracy. ‘Giving back control’ should be a dividing line at the next election.”

“他们现在必须好好地,认真地照照镜子,致力于有意义的改革,让公民的声音回到民主的中心。‘归还控制权’应该成为下届选举的分界线。”