你怎么看人类安乐死？
What is your stance on human euthanasia?
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外国网友讨论安乐死
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What is your stance on human euthanasia?
你怎么看人类安乐死？
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
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My grandfather was just put to rest today. He had an appointment. Monday at 11 o'clock. The nurse and doctor came to his home and helped him be comfortable and anxiety free, and then the doctor brought the cocktail and injected into his iv. The program deals with body removal and my grandmother arranged for a cremation.
He lives--lived in Canada and did it through MAID He had terminal cancer and was suffering essentially lying in bed for weeks on drugs to abate the pain, not a way to live, he decided.
He had to have his main doctor (oncologist) okay it and sign off and then met with another doctor who reviewed his case to verify that he was a candidate, and then was signed off for it by a psychologist who decided he was in his right mind to make this decision for himslef.
It's hard, but it was his decision and I support him. My grandmother got to handle things pragmatically and prepare and he gets to "go home" as he said. He just kept saying, "I'm going home today!"
我爷爷今天刚结束生命。他做了预约，周一上午11点。护士和医生来到他家，安抚他的情绪，然后医生将混合物（一般是过量吗啡和镇静剂）注射到他的静脉。这套流程还包括尸体搬运仪式（从家运至教堂举行葬礼），我奶奶安排了火花。
他患有晚期癌症，在床上躺了几个星期，靠药物来减轻疼痛，他认为这种活法生不如死。
他不得不征求他的主治医生(肿瘤学家)的同意、签字，然后见了另一个医生，检查他的病历，核实他（接受安乐死）的资格。之后，由一名心理学家证明他凭自我意识做出决定，签署了协议。
这很艰难，但这是他的决定，我支持他。我奶奶以务实的态度处理一切、做好准备。而他如愿“回家”了——他不停地说：“我今天要回家！”
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Currently going through this with my father. He is supposed to come home today on hospice and he has clearly said that his wish is to end it now as there is nothing more that can be done and he is unable to move or function independently. I've spent some time talking to him and I am fully confident that he knows what is is asking for and why.
The doctor told us that the hospital won't do it and neither will Hospice. I'm presuming it's a legal issue. But the guy has lived many good years and wants to be done before he loses himself.
我和我父亲正经历这一切。他今天应离开临终关怀中心回家，他已经明确表示，他希望现在就结束这一切，因为已经无能为力了，他已经不能移动，失去了自理能力。我和他聊了聊，我完全相信他知道自己想要的是什么、为什么想要。
医生告诉我们，医院不会这么做，临终关怀中心也不会。我认为这是一个法律问题。但我父亲已经活了很多年了，他想在失去意识之前结束这一切。
My father in law did it through MAID in December 2019 and it was just a fantastic way to go. I hope it’s available for me when it’s my time.
我的岳父在2019年12月通过MAID（Medical Assistance In Dying
，临终医疗或协助死亡）做了安乐死，这是一种非常棒的离世方式。我希望轮到我的时候，我也能选择这样。
I think it's just such a blessing that it is an option for them.. not everyone has this choice. They were excellent, and made it as smooth as it could have been I think.
我认为这对他们来说是件幸事，不是每个人都能做这种选择。他们执行得很出色，一切都很顺利。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I helped a friend through the last 2-3 weeks of his mother's terminal cancer, I temp moved in with them to take shifts taking care of her. She was still with it when I came, but a week after she just plummeted. With what little strength she had, she begged me to kill her. When I'd administer morphine along her gums, slowly, she'd resist, thinking it was keeping her alive vs relieving pain.
I think she would've loved the option, she was an incredibly strong, independent woman, with conviction who raised my friend all on her own
我帮助一个朋友度过了他患晚期癌症的母亲最后几周，我搬过去和他们一起轮流照顾她。我刚去时她状态尚好，但一星期后她的身体就垮了，凭着她仅剩的一点力量，她求我杀了她。当我在她的牙龈上慢慢注射吗啡（止痛）时，她会抗拒，认为这是为了让她活下去，而不是减轻疼痛。
我想她会做这个选择的，她是一个非常坚强、独立、有信念的女人，一个人把我的朋友养大。
My friend passed away in his 40’s last year thanks to MAID. He was terminal and so thankful for the choice to end his life on his terms.
Side note: Family dog had to be put down last week - awful - but brought up discourse on ending life with dignity. I am in the US, but knowing of the MAID program in Canada, family agreed we need the same options. Full support.
多亏了MAID，我一个40多岁的朋友去年离开了。他已走到到了生命的尽头，非常感激能选择结束自己的声明。
我在美国，但知道加拿大有MAID项目，我的家人都同意我们也需要有这种选择，绝对支持。
A Canadian dying with dignity law that gives people control over when they die.
加拿大这个法律，是为了让人死得有尊严，允许人们掌控自己的死亡。
Should have expected someone was going to cut onions in here. I'm happy he got to go home
我早该料到有人会在这儿切洋葱。
Sorry, I'll take these onions elsewhere.
对不起，我把这些洋葱拿到别处。
Canada has had time to pass the law and to upxe once already.
USA can do it.
Edit: Found this:
Assisted suicide is more widely available than euthanasia. Among the places where people can choose to end their life this way are Switzerland and a number of US states including California, Colorado, Hawaii, New Jersey, Oregon, Washington state, Vermont and the District of Columbia.
加拿大通过这项法律已经有些时日了，并且修订了一次。
美国也可以做到。
编辑：我发现了这个： 辅助自杀比安乐死更普遍。可以选择以这种方式结束生命的地方包括瑞士和美国的一些州，包括加利福尼亚州、科罗拉多州、夏威夷、新泽西州、俄勒冈州、华盛顿州、佛蒙特州和哥伦比亚特区等。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Even in Canada, MAID didn't come about until a 2014 Supreme Court of Canada decision that our right to "life, liberty, and security of the person" also included a right to die with dignity. And it took another court decision to get the govt to loosen the restrictions on it because the first version was way too limited.
If it took us a couple of court decisions to get this, I don't know how much hope I have that America will get there anytime soon.
即使是在加拿大，也直到2014年，加拿大最高法院才裁定，我们的“生命、自由和人身安全”权也包括有尊严地死去，才有了MAID。
又过了一段时间，法院才决定让政府放松对它的限制，因为第一个版本的限制太大了。不知道该对美国很快实现这个目标抱多大希望。
Well it's the United States.
We gotta be dragged, kicking and screaming, into doing the right thing.
这可是美国。
我们必须被拖着，踹着，吼着去做正确的事。
Well yeah, they need to bankrupt your family for medical bills first!
是啊，他们得先用医药费榨干你们。
"You can always count on the Americans to do the right thing, after they've tried everything else."
“你永远可以指望美国人做正确的事——等他们尝试过一切错误选择后。”
Plus this way you can actually do a living funeral the day before their appointment.
We had a family friend in his 50s with inoperable stage 4 brain cancer, as soon as he started losing normal functions he made an appointment, same rigamarol as you said, but the day before his appointment we rented out a hall had a mock funeral where probably 300 people came by to say kind regards to him while he was still alive, and then about 50 stayed and partied late into the night with him.
另外，这样一来，你就可以在安乐死前一天为他们举办一场活葬礼。
我们有一个朋友50多岁时得了终期脑癌，这是不可手术阶段，在他开始丧失正常功能时，他就预约，但他预约的前一天，我们租了一个大厅，搞了场模拟葬礼，大概有300人过来向还活着的他致悼词，然后大约有50人留下来和他一起狂欢到深夜。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
If I ever get a terminal illness, that’s how I want to go too, not shitting and pissing myself while barely coherent in a hospital connected to a bunch of machines barely keeping me alive.
我猜他可能是喝太多了，因为他的遗孀告诉我们，第二天医生来的时候，他一脸严肃地看着她说，“谢天谢地，他们终于来了，昨晚快把我折腾死了!”
很显然医生们都懵了，不明白为什么他们笑到流泪。她告诉我们，她最想不到的就是在丈夫死前几分钟还和她一起大笑，但她不会用任何东西换这段回忆。
如果我得了绝症，那也正是我想要的，不要在医院里连着一堆勉强维持我生命的机器，大小便失禁。
This is the way it should be done. At a certain point, we have to realize that we are selfishly forcing our loved ones to hang on for every last breath because we can't let go.
应该这样做。到某个时候，我们都必须意识到，我们是在自私地迫使我们所爱的人坚持每一次呼吸，因为我们无法放手、无法释怀。
My grandmother started having Dimentia when she was in her early 80s, and she lived until she was 96. By the time she hit 90 years old she barely could keep herself together, and she never knew who/where she was. She would wake up in the middle of the night frightened to death, not knowing who her husband was or what was happening. She was arthritic and wheelchair bound, so she would jump out of bed and hurt herself even further. I remember my last few Christmas's with her, and every year thinking "this might be the last year....", but she would keep kicking for another year. I don't remember the last time I felt like I actually talked with my grandma, because I don't think she was there for at least 5 years. It honestly felt like everyone was forcing her to stay alive for , but the reasons were never for my grandma, they were for everyone else who dealt with her.
If I ever get to be in the same situation as my grandmother, I want to be euthanized. The amount of "me" that is still there isn't me anymore, and I don't want my loved ones to have to suffer because of it.
我的祖母80出头的时候患上了痴呆症，她活到了96岁。当她90岁的时候，她生活几乎无法自理，她从不知道自己是谁或者在哪儿。她会在半夜惊醒，忘记她的丈夫，认不得眼前的一切。
她有关节炎，还坐着轮椅，所以她吓得从床上跳下来，会伤得更厉害。我还记得我和她一起过的最后几个圣诞节，每年我都在想“这可能是最后一个圣诞节了……”但她又坚持了一年。我不记得最后一次和我奶奶真正交谈是什么时候了，因为我猜她失忆至少已经5年了。老实说，我感觉每个人都出于某种理由在强迫她活着，但这些理由，从来都不是为我奶奶考虑，而是为了所有和她有关系的人。
My mother “committed” assisted suicide two weeks ago after battling colon cancer for 6 years.
First and foremost, I recognize that this was the best course of action for her. She had exhausted all treatment options and was in a mind-boggling amount of pain. She couldn’t tolerate most forms of pain mitigation, so she was simply suffering. Once she decided to stop all treatment, this seemed like the natural and obvious choice for her, and it was one my sister and I respected.
It is, however, important to note how deeply and truly traumatizing it was to watch my mom kill herself. I cannot escape the image of how her skin turned gray and how I watched her heart sputter and stop. Every time I close my eyes, I see her neck as I watched her pulse slow. I am well and truly struggling to deal with the process, and I think it needs to be said that it is a deeply disturbing part of the reality.
两周前，我的母亲在与结肠癌抗争6年后被“协助自杀”了。
首先，我明白这对她来说是最好的选择。她已经用遍了所有治疗方法，忍受着难以想象的疼痛。她的身体无法承受绝大多数止痛方式，所以她只能忍受痛苦。当她决定停止所有治疗，这似乎是自然而然的选择，我和姐姐也尊重这一选择。
然而，必须明白的是，看着我妈妈自杀，造成的精神创伤是如此的沉重和真实。我无法忘怀她的皮肤失去生机的景象，无法忘怀她的心脏跳动着，然后停止跳动。
每当我闭上眼睛，我的眼前就会浮现出她的脖子，看到她的脉搏缓缓停止。我无比挣扎得面对这一切，我认为必须要说，这是现实令人极度不安的一面。
Despite the tragedy and trauma of it all, I genuinely see her “euthanasia” as her final act of love. I support assisted suicide and believe, without hesitation, that it is the most humane and compassionate option we can offer to those who are suffering.
Edit:
I realize the alternative is worse, and I’m not claiming otherwise. Let me process my shit on reddit, sheesh.
话虽如此，知道你所爱的人何时何地以何种方式去世，是一种独特的奢侈和荣幸。我和她聊天、拥抱她、亲吻她，和她道别。很多人都做不到这一点。我非常感激能坐在她身边，握着她的手，看着她慢慢地进入梦乡。
无论有多少悲痛和创伤，我真的把她的“安乐死”视作一种爱。我支持协助自杀，并毫不犹豫地相信，这是我们能为那些正遭受痛苦的人提供的最人道、最富有同情心的选择。
My mom died this way. She was suffering terribly from ALS. She was able to die being held by those who loved her. Right after we gave her the fatal dose she said to me “This is what I wanted. I’ll miss you.” In the face of a fatal disease, I believe everyone should have the right to decide how they want their ending to look instead of being forced to suffer a painful death.
我妈妈就是这样离世的。她饱受肌萎缩侧索硬化症的折磨。她在爱她的人怀中离开。在我们给她注射致命剂量后，她对我说：“这就是我想要的，我会想念你的。”
面对一种致命疾病，我认为每个人都应该有权决定自己希望的结局，而不是被迫忍受痛苦地死去。
Also here to say watching someone die from ALS will convince you that Death with Dignity should absolutely be legal. It was horrific watching someone go through it, and in the end being trapped in their useless body. There is no cure, and your only outlook is a slow, painful death.
我还想说，看着一个人死于肌萎缩性侧索硬化症会让你相信，有尊严的死亡绝对应该是合法的。看着一个人经历这一切，最后被困在丧失机能的身体里，真是太可怕了。这是无法治愈的，你唯一的结局就是缓慢而痛苦地死去。
When I was a little girl I used to go to a very old church with mostly older folks. There was an older woman (prob in her sixties) who I really adored for some reason. She was sweet, I sat beside her and probably chatted her ears off in that annoying way children do. One Sunday she didn't show and she didn't show for the rest of the Sundays after that. She went home after a service, wrote a note for everyone and apologized before she killed herself. Because she was suffering the late stages of cancer and it was so painful that this God fearing woman who never missed a service felt that the only option was to kill herself. Think of how differently that would have went for her surviving family who found her and the rest of us if euthanasia was positively received. She could have said goodbye on better terms. I don't think she would have been so desperate.
当我还是个小女孩的时候，我常去一个非常古老的教堂，去那儿的大都是老人。有一个老太太(大概60多岁)，我真的很喜欢她。她很可爱，我坐在她旁边，像孩子那样对她喋喋不休。
有一个周末她没有出现，之后的每个周末她都没再出现。她在一次礼拜后回家，给所有人写了张纸条，在自杀前向大家道歉。因为她正处于癌症晚期，她是如此的痛苦，以至于这位敬畏上帝、从未错过任何礼拜的女人，觉得自杀是唯一的选择。
想想看，如果安乐死被正面接受的话，情况会有多么不同。她本可以用更好的方式说再见，而不会那么绝望。
I watched my sister go through it, and it was devastating for everyone who loved her. I don't think she would have chosen euthanasia...but it if were me I wouldn't have wanted to suffer as long as she did with no hope. After being told she was terminal, she had numerous surgeries, nephrostomy bags, colonoscopy bags, couldn't walk very far...cancer had spread to almost every area in her body within 6 months from diagnosis.
我看着我妹妹经历了那一切，这让所有爱她的人都伤心欲绝。我觉得她不会选择安乐死。但如果是我，我不会像她那样毫无希望地忍受那么久。在被告知她患上绝症后，她做了很多手术，肾造瘘袋，结肠镜袋，不能走很远的路……在确诊的6个月内，癌症几乎扩散到了她身体的每一个部位。
我的妹妹(35岁)本想再多坚持6个月，看看自己儿子高中毕业，但她却观看了一场模拟毕业典礼，是学校、我们家庭和高中足球队一起办的(我们都是这所学校的校友)。她和儿子一起拍了戴着帽子穿着长袍的照片，在临终前5天，她在临终关怀病床上通过skype观看了儿子的“毕业典礼”，但她几乎就是她遗愿清单的全部了。
I was diagnosed with Stage 4 kidney cancer, it had already spread to my liver and lungs, I had spots all over.
They gave me 1-2 years left to live.
That was 8 years ago, and I am now cancer free.
Don't give up hope.
我被诊断为4期肾癌，癌细胞已经扩散到我的肝和肺，我全身都是斑点。
当时他们说我还能活一两年年。
那已经是八年前的事了，我现在几乎已经没有癌细胞了。
不要放弃希望。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
I want it legalized before I get old...
I cant make my kids suffer when I cant take care of myself
我希望在我老之前能合法化……
当我不能照顾自己时，不能拖累我的孩子。
I worked as a caregiver for elderly people and I witnessed this first hand. Most of residents had no automony, they couldn't feed themselves, they couldn't go to the bathroom or take a shower by themselves and pretty much all of them suffered from some kind of mental illness on top of that. If I get to this point in the future, I just want to have the option to leave this world with a bit of dignity.
我是一个老人护工，有着切身感受。大多数人没有“自主权”，他们没法自己吃饭，不能自己上厕所、洗澡而且几乎所有人都患有某种精神疾病。如果我将来沦落到这一步，我只希望能选择带着一丁点尊严离开这个世界。
It's considered cruel to not put your pets down when they're suffering and there's no chance for recovery.
But when it's someone who can actually ask for it themselves and consent suddenly it's a horrible crime that must be stopped?
Sorry, that's bullshit. I love grandma more than I love my dog, so why would I want to treat her worse?
当你的宠物遭受痛苦而且没有康复机会时，如果不把让它们走，会被视作残忍。
可当有人自己提出要求并征得同意，突然间这就成了必须制止的可怕罪行了？对不起，这就是扯蛋。我爱奶奶胜过爱我的狗，所以我为什么不对她更好？
Exactly. You took the words out of my mouth.
正是如此。你说出了我想说的话。
I’m not going to say my own opinion but I think it’s worth pointing out that autonomy is not always clear cut, and there are more ethical considerations to be made.
For autonomy to be respected, the person needs to demonstrate capacity to consent. The (UK) criteria generally are: ability to understand information, to rationalise and to communicate their decision. Not all patients can demonstrate these criteria so how do you judge? If someone is in pain but has severe enough detriment that they cannot speak coherently, what do you do?
我不会谈我自己的观点，但我认为应该指出的是，“自主权”并不总是泾渭分明，需要考虑更多的伦理问题。
为了尊重自主权，这个人需要表现出同意的能力。英国的标准通常是：理解信息的能力，能够合理说明、传达他们的决定。不是所有的病人都能符合这些标准的，那么你又如何判断呢？如果有人很痛苦，但是严重受伤导致他们不能连贯地说话，你会怎么做？
Under UK law, assisted suicide and classic euthanasia are very illegal and one can be tried for murder, regardless of the patient’s consent. In the UK, you cannot consent to being killed. Passive euthanasia is legal, if considered to be in the patient’s best medical interest.
安乐死可分为：经典的安乐死——医疗服务者主动提供致死毒剂、协助自杀——医疗服务者提供给病人在清楚自己意图的情况下，结束自己生命的手段。另一种是被动安乐死——撤去、阻止生命支持措施或救生治疗。
根据英国法律，协助自杀和传统的安乐死都是违法的，不管病人是否同意，安乐死都可以被判谋杀。在英国，你不能同意被杀。被动安乐死是合法的，只要被认为符合病人的最佳医疗利益。
进一步的，如果一个20岁的临床抑郁症患者要求医生帮助他结束生命，医生应该帮助他们吗？心理健康状况会损害自主权吗？会损害他们的判断力吗？他们的医生发誓不伤害任何人，应该被允许为一个20岁的人提供自杀手段吗？
Euthanasia is a complex ethical debate with many many grey areas and potential to save or to damn vulnerable people. It’s a topic that should be discussed with care.
同时，如果经典的安乐死被合法化，我们将如何防止虐待？我知道人们爱他们的奶奶，但并非所有亲戚都在乎奶奶，有些人想继承遗产。如何去辨别呢？如果奶奶不能同意或者是被秘密地强迫同意，你怎么应对这种情况？是否应该允许家人参与决定？
安乐死是一个复杂的道德难题，有很多灰色地带，有可能拯救或伤害脆弱的人。这是一个需要谨慎讨论的话题。
This is also a very valid point. Moral dilemmas are rarely black and white.
这也是一个很政党的观点，道德困境很少是非黑即白。
Moving on, If a 20 year old with clinical depression asks their doctor to help them take their own life, should the doctor help them? The person has the right to autonomy, and is in mental pain. Shouldn’t they be allowed to die if they so wish?
Unpopular opinion: Yes.
That doesn't mean we shouldn't still be working on improving the poor quality of mental health care, but if someone wants to die and is capable of expressing that request to a medical professional and asking for their assistance in doing so they should be allowed to die.
我的观点是：精神病人也应该有权选择安乐死
这并不是说我们不应该继续努力改善精神护理的质量，但如果有人想死，并且有能力向医疗专业人员表达这个请求，他们应该被允许接受帮助死亡。
I think in the case of depression they should have to show they tried other methods/drugs first. It should be something that is left as a last resort thing but I do think it should be an option. It would be kinder to everyone involved. The depressed person for allowing a much kinder death than whatever they can come up with on their own and also to whoever would otherwise have to find them after they did the deed (and clean up after it).
I mean my point is we should try to make sure first we can't find a way to make their life better but if there just is no help (cause it would be foolish to say there never is a case that it can't be fixed), I do think it is kinder to just let them decide to end it (and do so in as painless way as possible).
我认为在抑郁症的情况下，他们应该首先证明他们试过别的办法、药物。安乐死应该是最后的手段，但我确实认为这应该是一个选择。这样对每个人都更好。
我的意思是，我认为应该首先确保已经无法做到更好，但如果确实已经走投无路(因为你很难保证没有治好的案例)，我觉得让他们结束这一切确实更仁慈(并尽可能以无痛苦的方式)。
That's pretty much how we do it in NL I think. The amount of depressed people asking for euthanasia is relatively small and only around 10% of those are granted. Over 80% of requests is from final stage cancerpatients.
我想这就是我们荷兰的做法。抑郁症患者要求安乐死的人数相对较少，只有大约10%的人被允许安乐死。超过80%的请求来自晚期癌症患者。
NL here. I can't even get my psychiatrist to explore more options than SSRI's, benzos, a couple of antipsychotics and some Z drugs. (all for the primary purpose of depression and sleep) that clearly do not work for me. Hell, i don't even think my diagnosis are accurate but bring that up and they brush it off too.
Can't even imagine that 10% of those are granted if they don't even want to explore other options first.
同荷兰人。精神病治疗受到严格控制，除了SSRI，苯二氮平，一些抗精神病药和一些Z药物(都只是缓解抑郁、助眠)，我不能让我的精神病医生提供更多选择。这些药明显对我不起作用，我甚至觉得我的诊断是错误的，但我和他们说他们也置之不理。
所以很难想象，他们不考虑其他选择，就同意提供安乐死。