UK is only major economy to put up taxes during cost-of-living crisis, research finds
-Other G7 countries are cutting burden on working people by up to 0.5% of GDP, say Labour

研究发现,英国是唯一一个在生活成本危机期间提高税收的主要经济体
——工党表示,其他G7成员国都在削减劳动人口的负担,削减部分占GDP的比例高达0.5%


(The Consumer Prices Index is now above 5 per cent and is expected to rise as high as 8 per cent)

(英国消费者价格指数目前已超过5%,预计还将升至8%。)
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Rishi Sunak is under renewed pressure to halt next month’s £13bn rise in National Insurance contributions, after fresh research showed the UK is the only major world economy to be raising taxes on working people during the cost-of-living crisis.

在最新研究显示,在生活成本危机期间,英国是唯一一个向工薪阶层增税的世界主要经济体之后,里希·苏纳克面临新的压力,要求停止下月130亿英镑的国民保险缴费额上涨。

Labour called on the chancellor to ditch the 1.25 per cent hike lined up for both employees and employers on 6 April, using money he has reportedly stored away for pre-election sweeteners to voters.

4月6日,工党呼吁财政大臣放弃对雇员和雇主实行的1.25%的大幅涨税,据报道,财政大臣将把这笔钱存起来,以用于在下次选举前向选民提供好处。

The research emerged as the Institute for Fiscal Studies (IFS) revealed that soaring inflation means the chancellor will take in an additional £12.5bn from a “stealth tax” in last year’s Budget.

这项研究出炉之际,英国财政研究所透露,飙升的通胀意味着财政大臣将从去年的预算中额外征收125亿英镑的“隐形税”。

When Sunak announced a four-year freeze in income tax thresholds last March, with inflation running around 1 per cent, the measure was expected to raise £8bn.

去年3月,在通胀率高达1%左右的情况下,苏纳克宣布将所得税起征点冻结4年,当时预计此举将筹集80亿英镑。
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But with the Consumer Prices Index (CPI) now above 5 per cent and expected to rise as high as 8 per cent, the IFS said it now amounts to an effective £20.5bn in additional taxes.

但由于消费者价格指数目前已超过5%,预计还将升至8%,英国财政研究所表示,这相当于增加了205亿英镑的实际税收。

Tom Waters, a senior research economist for the IFS, said: “Usually tax thresholds go up in line with inflation.

英国财政研究所高级研究经济学家汤姆·沃特斯表示:“通常情况下,征税起点会随着通胀水平而上调。

“The tax threshold freeze is now on track to be a £20.5bn tax hike – two and a half times what was originally expected. And this comes on top of the £13bn increase in National Insurance contributions (NICs) slated for next month.

“目前,冻结起征点的计划将提高205亿英镑的税率,是最初预期的2.5倍。此外,计划于下月增加130亿英镑的国民保险缴费额。

“This episode highlights the danger with setting tax thresholds in nominal terms for long periods of time – unexpected changes in inflation can make the size of a planned tax rise much bigger or smaller than expected.”

“这一事件突显了长期以名义值设定税收起征点的危险——通胀的意外变化可能会使计划中的增税幅度远远大于或小于预期。”

Labour Treasury spokesperson Pat McFadden said that the NICs rise alone was equivalent to 0.5 per cent of GDP in additional taxes, at a time when households are facing rocketing bills for essentials like heating, petrol and food.

工党财政部发言人帕特·麦克法登表示,在家庭面临取暖费、汽油和食品等必需品费用飙升的情况下,仅国民保险缴费额的上涨就相当于GDP的0.5%。

By contrast, the party’s research found that Germany has tax cuts totalling 0.5 per cent of GDP lined up for 2022, Italy 0.2 per cent and France 0.1 per cent.

相比之下,该党的研究发现,到2022年,德国的减税总额将达到GDP的0.5%,意大利为0.2%,法国为0.1%。

Among other members of the G7 group of leading democracies, Canada and Japan have announced no personal tax rate increases, while the US Congressional Budget Office estimates falling tax revenue for 2022.

在由主要民主国家组成的G7的其他成员国中,加拿大和日本没有宣布上调个人税率,而美国国会预算办公室预计,2022年的税收收入将下降。

“There are global factors driving up energy prices and inflation in many countries,” said Mr McFadden.

麦克法登表示:“全球因素正在推高许多国家的能源价格和通胀。

“But what singles out the UK is this government’s decision to impose a tax rise on working people at the same time as energy and food prices are rising.

“但英国特别突出的是,在能源和食品价格上涨的同时,本届政府决定对工薪阶层增税。
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“Why is the government so determined to make the cost of living crisis worse by pressing ahead with these tax rises now, particularly when the Treasury is constantly briefing that the Tory election grid has penciled in tax cuts before the next election?”

“为什么政府如此坚决地要通过现在推进这些增税来加剧生活成本危机,尤其是在财政部不断通报保守党选举网已计划在下次选举前减税的情况下?”
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Announced in September last year, the NICs hike breached a Conservative manifesto promise not to raise the main personal taxes over the course of the parliament.

去年9月宣布的提高国民保险缴费税负的计划,违反了保守党在竞选宣言中承诺在执掌议会期间不会提高主要个人所得税的承诺。
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It will result in a person earning £20,000 seeing NICs increase by £130 a year, and someone on £30,000 a year paying an additional £255.

这将导致年收入2万英镑的人每年国民保险缴费增加130英镑,年收入3万英镑的人每年国民保险缴费增加255英镑。

But prime minister Boris Johnson said the levy would help pay for the “biggest catch-up programme in the NHS’ history” as the health service attempts to clear the backlog of treatments delayed because of the Covid pandemic.

但英国首相鲍里斯·约翰逊表示,这项税收将帮助支付“国家医疗体系历史上最大的补漏计划”,目前国家医疗体系正在努力清理因新冠肺炎大流行而延误的治疗积压。

From April next year, it will be rebranded the Health and Social Care Levy, and over time an increasing proportion will go towards the new cap on care costs designed to ensure that elderly home-owners do not have to sell their property to pay for care.

从明年4月起,它将被重新命名为“健康和社会关怀税”,随着时间的推移,越来越多的比例将用于新的护理费用上限,以确保老年房主不必出靠卖房子来支付护理费用。

Mr Sunak is coming under growing pressure to ditch the hike, or delay it for a year in the hope the cost-of-living crisis will have abated, including from restive Tory backbenchers worried that he is rising the overall tax take to levels not seen since the 1960s.

苏纳克正在面临着越来越大的压力,要求他放弃上调税率,或者推迟一年,希望生活成本危机能有所缓解,其中包括一些焦躁不安的保守党后座议员,他们担心苏纳克会将整体税率提高到自上世纪60年代以来从未见过的水平。

But the chancellor and prime minister have stood firm, penning a joint article in January to state that they regard the levy as “the right plan” to fix the health and social care system.

但是财政大臣和首相立场坚定,他们在1月发表了一篇联合文章,声称他们认为征税是修复医疗和社会保障体系的“正确计划”。

A HM Treasury spokesperson said: “The Health and Social Care Levy will provide a necessary, permanent source of funding to support the NHS and fix the social care system.

英国财政部的一位发言人说:“卫生和社会福利税将提供必要的、永久的资金来源,以支持国家医疗体系和修复社会福利体系。”

“We’re providing around £21bn this financial year and next to help families with the cost of living, including targeted support for energy bills, cutting the Universal Credit taper rate to help those on low incomes keep more of what they earn, and freezes to alcohol and fuel duties to keep costs down. We are also raising the National Living Wage, meaning that people working full-time will see a £1,000 increase in annual earnings.”

“我们将在本财政年度和下个财政年度提供大约210亿英镑,以帮助家庭的生活成本,包括对能源账单的有针对性的支持,削减通用信贷的缩减利率,以帮助低收入者保留更多的收入,冻结酒精和燃料税以降低成本。我们还提高了国家最低生活工资,这意味着全职工作的人的年收入将增加1000英镑。”