你知道哪些与二战相关的难以置信的事实？
What are some crazy WWII facts you know?
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珍爱和平。
正文翻译
What are some crazy WWII facts you know?
你知道哪些与二战相关的难以置信的事实？
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The story of the Göring brothers is mind blowing. I can't believe Hollywood hasn't made a movie about it.
戈林兄弟的故事令人震惊。我不敢相信好莱坞竟然还没拍过这两个人的故事。
赫尔曼·戈林是纳粹高级官员。他是纳粹空军的头目，并且在纳粹政府世界、希特勒最终死去的时候，他将会是希特勒的继承人。
他的弟弟是阿尔伯特·戈林。阿尔伯特是坚定的反纳粹。阿尔伯特看清了这个政权的本质，一群凶残，可怖，沾满鲜血的种族主义者。他尤为反对这些人对犹太人的对待。
阿尔伯特会利用自己哥哥的身份来为帮助犹太人脱困时解决困难。他会把运输卡车开到犹太人的集中营里，要求他们交出一些人来给他工作，或者随便给出一些原因。当他遇到反抗的时候，他就会说“你知道我哥是谁吗？把人给我带过来！”然后他就会把这些放出来的人开车送到安全的地方，把他们放出去。
他曾经看到一群犹太女人被迫用抹布擦一条街，于是他就跪下来和这些女人一起擦地。当纳粹官员发现这个人的身份之后，这些人就不再擦地了。
他做过许多类似的事。从几乎命定的死亡中把犹太人拯救下来。背叛纳粹党，背叛他的哥哥。用他哥哥的政治势力来让纳粹的目标脱轨。
这真的太猛了。
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然后，
在战争结束之后，他被逮捕了，并且马上要和其他的俘虏一起被枪决，因为那个戈林的弟弟肯定也是纳粹的人渣。但是因为狗屎运，一个负责处决文书的人正好就是被他救过的那个犹太人！那个人站出来说话了，很多其他的人也站出来说话了，于是他就被放了出来。
这个故事真的很疯狂。被记录在了一本名叫《戈林与戈林》的书里。
He was such a good guy that, one week before he died in 1966, he married his housekeeper so that she would inherit his pension, which was basically the only thing of value he had left.
他真的是一个特别好的人，在1966年，他去世之前的一个星期，他娶了自己的家政妇，这样她就能继承他的养老金了，这基本上是他剩下的唯一有价值的东西。
那哥们的故事真的猛，并且与他的哥哥形成了鲜明的冲突，后者不过是个渴望权力的胆小鬼。
Jumping Joe Beyrle of the 101st Airborne.
101空降师的“跳跳”乔·白洛。
他不止牛逼到能够在一群拿跳飞机当吃饭家伙的人中间挣得这么一个外号，而且还从战俘营里逃了出来跑到苏联的战线上，因此他也成为了已知唯一一个二战期间同时为美国和红军打过仗的人。
The Soviet 13th Gaurds Rifle Division, one of the units in the Battle of Stalingrad, suffered 30% killed in the first day of fighting. Just 320 of the original 10,000 soldiers survived the entire battle.
苏联的第13近卫步兵师。参与斯大林格勒保卫战的单位之一，在参战的第一天死了30%。在一开始的一万名士兵中，只有320名从整场战斗中活了下来。
On the very first day of the German advance into the city itself, as the Germans were over-running Soviet positions right up to the Volga. All formations in the vicinity were given orders to immediately proceed to the city, including the the 13th Guards Rifles, who were in the middle of their resupply and recruitment phase after suffering over 50% losses in the battle of Kharkov.
在德国人入侵这座城市的第一天，正当德国人马上就要淹没苏军在伏尔加河沿岸的守卫的时候，城市周边的所有部队都接到了指令，立刻前往市内，包括第13步兵师，他们刚刚在哈尔科夫之战中遭受了超过50%的伤亡率，当时还正在进行补给和招募。
第13步兵师立刻冲到了伏尔加河，在第一天的下午5点，冒着敌人的火力强行渡河，从而巩固苏联当时只有旅级战斗力的后防线。老兵团为了强渡伏尔加河、为师里剩下的人过河铺平道路而遭受了50的伤亡率。在接下来的几天里，这个师参与了斯大林格勒的一些最为残忍、最为著名的战斗，比如火车站和巴甫洛夫大楼。整整一万人在斯大林格勒保卫战中全军覆没，这一整个苏联步兵师里只有一个连队的人活了下来。
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二战留下的英勇、残忍的故事永远都不会让我失望。
My grandfather fought in France in ww2 for the US. During a battle a girl was shot and killed. He took her body, left the battle, went to the nearby town and went door to door to find out where she lived. He returned her to her parents. After the war he named his daughter (my mom) Tana after that little girl.
我的外祖父二战期间为美军在法国打过仗。在一场战斗中，有个小女孩中弹身亡。他背起她的尸体，离开了战斗，走到附近的城镇里，挨家挨户地敲门，问她住在哪。他最终把女孩的尸体送还给了她的父母。在战争之后，他把自己的女儿（我的母亲）用那个女孩Tana的名字命名。
I read somewhere that Russia’s losses were so great in the war that the population declines of the 60s and 90s were a direct result of the dead soldiers because their children that were meant to be born during these periods never were.
我之前看到过，俄罗斯在战争中遭受的伤亡惨重到60年代和90年代的人口下降就是因为太多的士兵死掉了，他们还没来得及生孩子。
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80% of Russian men born in 1923 did not live to see the end of WWII. About 40% died during the war, the rest died before it due to infant mortality and starvation
1923年出生的俄罗斯男性，有80%没能活着见证二战结束。约40%死在了这场战争之中，剩下的或是夭折，或是死于饥荒。
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I heard this statistic in the context of how it changed Russian culture after the war.
我听说这些统计数据改变了俄罗斯的文化。
俄罗斯的女性对自己的外貌要求高的吓人，这种刻板印象就是由于俄罗斯战后的人口严重失衡，幸存的俄罗斯男性几乎不用考虑自己的外貌，而女性要为了少数男性不断竞争。因此今天的俄罗斯社会才总是要求女性看上去身材苗条，着装得体，化好妆。有人能证实或是否认吗？
My grandma is now almost 99, and what baffles me is when she talks about how during the war she felt like she was living in a women-only country. Talks about how she’d go days or longer without encountering a single man, and her and her girlfriends got to use their boyfriends cool nice cars every day to go out and have fun together while their boyfriends were all away at war.
我祖母已经快99岁了，最让我震惊的是当她说起自己在战争中的经历的时候，她感觉自己好像生活在一个只有女性的国家。她可能一天到晚在外面转也遇不到一个男人，她和她的女性好友每天都能开她们男朋友的车出去玩，而她们的男朋友们全在外面打仗。
The United States produced 150% more planes in 1944 alone than Japan did in the whole war.
美国在1944年这一年里生产的飞机数量，就是日本在整场战争中生产过的飞机数量的150%。
I heard a podcast about that. The Japanese hand built their Zeros in a factory that was 50 miles from the nearest runway and used OXEN to carry them one by one to the runway for takeoff.
我听过一个相关的播客。日本人的零式战斗机是手工在工厂里造出来的，工厂距离最近的飞机场有50英里，所以他们一架一架地用牛车把飞机拉到跑道上起飞。
Naval battles between the US and Japan near the end of the war verged on comedic at times with how much the US outnumbered and outclassed the Japanese.
在战争进入尾声时，美国和日本的海军战斗有时像漫画一样，美国无论是数量还是质量都压倒了日本。
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就比如天号作战，日本的兵力是一艘战列舰，一艘轻型巡洋舰，八艘驱逐舰和115架飞机。
美国带了八艘航母，六艘战列舰，十一艘巡洋舰，三十多艘驱逐舰，以及386架飞机。光是他们带的巡洋舰的数量比日本所有船加一块儿都多。
In 1941, our armed forces weren't among the 10 most formidable in the world, but obviously we were going to fight a big war. And Roosevelt said the U.S. would produce 50,000 planes in the next four years. Everyone thought it was a joke. And it was. Because we produced 100,000 planes.
在1941年，我们的武装部队在世界范围内还排不上前10，但我们显然要打一场大仗。所以罗斯福说，美国要在接下来的四年里生产五万架飞机。所有人都以为他在开玩笑。他确实是在开玩笑，因为我们实际上生产了十万架。
Just visited the WWII museum in New Orleans. One of the most amazing stats I came across was that at peak production we were turning out a fresh B-24 bomber every hour.
我刚刚拜访了新奥尔良的二战博物馆。我看到过的最惊人的数据就是，在生产力的顶峰时期，我们每小时都在生产一架新的B-24轰炸机。
That wasn't nationally by the way, some crazy bastard found a way for a single factory to make 24 B-24 bombers in a day.
顺便一提，这并不是全国范围的水平。有个疯子发现一种方法，让一个工厂能够一天之内生产24架B-24轰炸机。
At peak in 1944 it was something like 2,000 planes, 500 tanks, 10 ships, a week, were being produced.
在1944年的顶峰时期，好像每星期有2000架飞机，500辆坦克，10艘舰船得到生产。
The Japanese knew they could never win a long war against the United States. That's why they tried to end it quickly.
日本人知道他们跟美国是打不赢长期作战的。所以他们想要赶快结束战斗。
他们也严重低估了美国的决心。他们以为美国因为自己很弱就要放弃。
日本人是永远也打不赢美国人的，但是如果他们在中途岛输得没那么残，那么或许他们也能坚持得更久一点，让这场战争变得更难一点。
Winston Churchill had an oxygen mask for flying in airplanes specially made for him that would allow him to smoke cigars while he had the mask on.
温斯顿·邱吉尔曾经有过一个为他特质的氧气面罩，上飞机的时候戴上，为了让他带上面罩之后还能抽雪茄。
Cigars and… oxygen..?
雪茄和……氧气？
Can't be living too long when it's the 1940s, people were speedrunning life for a reason
毕竟上世纪40年代，谁都活不了太久。当时大伙都在速通人生。
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More US soldiers died in WWII in accidents (automobile/plane crashes, fires, falls, etc) than combat deaths in the entire Vietnam War.
二战期间美国因事故死亡的士兵（车辆或飞机失事，火灾，坠楼等等）的数量加起来比整场越战的战斗死亡都多。
The amount of people killed in WWII is staggering.
二战导致的死亡数量真的让人窒息。
More that 70 milion. For comparison there are only 19 countries today whose current population is bigger than amount of people that died in 6 years of war.
超过7000万人。相比较之下，世界上今天只有19个国家，目前的人口数量是比这6年战争中死掉过的人数还多的。
There was no coffee in major German cities for much of WWII because of supply lines being disrupted. But they made up for the lack of coffee by switching to meth filled chocolate.
二战期间很长一段时间，德国的主要城市里都没有咖啡，因为补给线受到了干扰。但是他们通过往可可里掺冰毒代替了咖啡。
It wasn't only Germany that was off their tits. Damn near everyone in Europe between about the 1890s and 1940s was using something. During WW1 you could go to a department store in London and buy your husband/boyfriend/son/friend who was on the front lines a care package filled with stuff like opium, morphine, and cocaine.
嗑嗨的不只是德国。从19世纪90年代到20世纪40年代，整个欧洲几乎所有人都在掺东西。一战期间你甚至可以去伦敦的百货商店里，给你在前线作战的丈夫、男朋友、儿子或者朋友买一个关怀包，里面全是鸦片，吗啡和可卡因之类的东西。
96% pure, 4% chocolate
96%的纯货，4%的可可
When in retreat, the Nazis would boobytrap pictues on the walls and leave them slightly crooked. They did this to entice officers to straighten them and set off an explosion.
在撤退期间，纳粹会往墙上挂的画里安装炸弹陷阱，然后把画弄得稍微歪一些。他们这样是为了引诱军官过去把画扶正，然后引发爆炸。
I think it was the Viet Cong that started putting bombs in soda cans after noticing American troops would kick them while walking down the street.
我记得越共也是在注意到美国兵沿着街道走的时候会踢易拉罐之后，开始往空易拉罐里放炸弹的。
Soldiers moving through in the sweep wouldn't bother to straighten the place up, but officers occupying the buildings afterwards would settle in and trigger these things.
在扫荡期间路过的士兵不会有闲心把画框给扶正的。但是占领建筑后入驻的军官们就会触发这些陷阱。
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In the African theater of war; both sides used fake tanks. Some were made of wood. They were used to seem much bigger than the opposing force. In some cases they put up silhouettes in places to appear as they were there, but they were miles away.
在非洲战区，双方都用过假坦克。有些是用木头做的。用来让己方部队看上去比对方还多。在某些情况下，他们会在一些地方设置假军队，搞得好像他们在那里，其实他们在很远的其他地方。
There was also the "Ghost Squadron", i believe they were called, that was an entire army of inflatable tanks and vehicles that the allies placed in strategic locations, so that german spy planes would report it back, and the high command would believe that the European invasion was going to occur in a completely different location.
还有那种“幽灵中队”，我记得是这么叫的，盟军会在战略地点设置一整支充气坦克大军，然后德国的间谍飞机就会报告回去，最高指挥部于是就相信对欧洲的入侵将会发生在完全不同的地方。
A Belgian pilot flying for the RAF found out the Nazis had executed his father in occupied Belgium. So after an escort mission he took a side trip and did a solo attack on the Gestapo headquarters in Brussels, dropping down to ground level in front of the building and machine gunning the fuck out of it. He killed the local Gestapo commander along with some SS officer and the AA crew on the roof. The he did a victory lap tossing little Belgian flags out tje window. Oh and he swung by his niece's place and dropped a big flag. Then he went home. He got demoted for violating his orders and a medal for what he did while he was violating his orders.
一名为英国皇家空军战斗的比利时飞行员得知纳粹杀死了他在比利时被占领区的父亲。于是在一次护航任务结束之后，他绕了个弯，对盖世太保在布鲁塞尔的总部发动了一次单人攻击。他把飞机降低到地面高度开到大楼面前，用机关枪把大楼打了个稀烂。他杀死了当地的盖世太保指挥官，几名党卫队官员，以及楼顶的防空炮炮组。然后他一边环绕一圈以表胜利，一边往飞机窗外扔比利时的小国旗。哦，他还飞过了自己外甥家，扔了一面大的国旗。他因为违抗指令而受到了降级处分，然后因为在违抗指令期间做的事情而拿了一个奖章。
后来他在战争中死了。事情总是这样。
My grandfather served on the western front, and less than a week after arriving in France, his unit got captured by the Germans. He was in a POW camp for less than 24 hours, escaping when the French resistance raided the camp.
我祖父在西线战场打过仗。在他抵达法国之后的不到一个星期，他的部队就被德国人俘虏了。他在一座战俘营里呆了不到24个小时，然后法国抵抗军过来袭击了这个战俘营，他们就跑了。
整场战争中他都跟法国抵抗军一起东躲西藏。做的事情主要就是在树林里抽烟喝酒，晚上用手工制作的球棍和球打高尔夫。
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The French resistance was badass. People always make fun of the French for surrendering but that was their govt. Many citizens were risking their lives to do things like you described. And if caught, horrible things awaited them
法国抵抗军都特别牛逼。人们总是取笑法国人投降，但那是他们的政府。很多公民都在冒着生命危险去做你形容的那些事。如果被抓到了，他们就会面临很可怕的后果。
Near Paris pilot Bill Overstreet and his squad were on an escort mission when they were attacked, leading to him being engaged with a German fighter pilot in a dogfight when the German tried to lose Overstreet by flying over Paris where the Nazis had anti aircraft he thought would take him out
在巴黎附近，飞行员比尔·欧佛斯崔特和他的小队在执行护航任务期间遭到了攻击，他与一名德国战斗机飞行员进入了狗斗。德国人想要飞过巴黎上空来甩掉欧佛斯崔特，因为纳粹在巴黎设置了防空炮，可以把他干掉。
但是欧佛斯崔特仍然在追他。德国飞行员于是做出了疯狂的飞行动作，从埃菲尔铁塔的底下钻了过去。但是欧佛斯崔特也像个疯子一样跟过去了。所以他当时冒着地面上士兵的步枪火力，加上防空炮的火力，而他仍然击坠了敌人，并且成功逃离。或许他们是世界上唯二在战斗过程中穿过了埃菲尔铁塔的飞行员。
二战期间所有国家的战斗机飞行员，基本上都是一帮疯子。他们没有今天这些飞行员所拥有的那些工具，基本上就是全靠自己的眼睛和最基本的雷达在飞行，只有很特别的那些人才会站出来接受挑战。所以敌对的飞行员之间永远会有一种嫉妒一般的尊敬，就算他们在空中想要互相杀戮。
a Finnish soldier took a whole bottle of pervitin and skied 400km in a matter of days. he was high for 14 days.
一个芬兰士兵磕了一整瓶的甲基苯丙胺，几天之内滑雪滑了400公里。他嗨了14个整天。
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FDR didn't really care who his Vice President was his last term even though he was practically already dying. Party officials picked Harry Truman and FDR almost never included him in any decision making even after they were elected. When FDR died a couple months into their term Truman wasn't really in the loop on what exactly was happening with the executive branch and ending WWII. A couple months later he dropped the atomic bombs on Japan.
罗斯福在最后一个任期并不在乎自己的副总统是谁，尽管他当时已经不久于人世了。党内官员选择了哈利·杜鲁门，但是即便是选举之后，罗斯福也几乎从来没有在任何决策制定过程中带上他。他们两个上任几个月后，罗斯福去世的时候，杜鲁门其实对于决策层和二战的结束并没有什么概念。但是几个月之后他就在日本扔下了核弹。
This reminds me of a story I read recently…something about how after FDR passed, Truman went to Eleanor to offer his condolences and he asked her to let him know if there was anything he could do for her and she basically said “oh Harry, is there anything I can do for you?” She really knew and understood the gravity of the mantle that was befalling him at that moment.
这让我想起了最近读过的一个故事。罗斯福去世之后，杜鲁门去找爱丽诺表达自己的爱到，他对她说，如果有什么帮得上忙的事情的话一定叫他。她的回答是，“哦哈利，有什么我能帮你做的吗？”她真的知道并且也理解当时落在杜鲁门身上的担子有多重。
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Eleanor is also believed to have done a lot of the president's job those last couple years because FDR was so ill. She knew a lot about what was going on, and probably could have given a lot of advice to Truman.
人们相信爱丽诺在最后几年里承担了大量的总统职务，因为罗斯福病得非常严重。她了解很多正在发生的事情，因此也或许能够给杜鲁门很多建议。
There was a polish priest named Max Kolbe. He ran one of the biggest churches/monasteries in the world at the time. When the catholic church entered into a compact with nazi germany, he protested and turned his church into a haven for jews, gays and slavs. This worked well until Germany took over Poland. Then, he was sent to Auschwitz. While there he would take other people's punishments and eventually took the death penalty on someone else's behalf as well. What did the catholic church do? They made him a saint.
曾经有个叫马克斯·科尔贝的波兰牧师。他掌管着当时世界上最大的教堂/修道院之一。当天主教会和纳粹德国达成协定的时候，他表达了抗议，把自己的教堂变成了犹太人、同性恋者和斯拉夫人的庇护所。一切都十分顺利，直到德国人入侵波兰为止。然后他就被送到了奥斯维辛。在集中营里，他也会承担其他人要受到的惩罚，最终他也替其他人受了死刑。天主教会做了什么？把他封为圣人。
The British had a rudimentary radar that allowed them to shoot down planes at night. To hide the fact that the technology existed, they put out propaganda that gunners eating carrots helped their eyesight to account for accuracy at night.
英国人当时研发出了一款基础雷达，能够让他们在夜间击落敌方飞机。为了掩盖这个科技存在的事实，他们宣传说吃胡萝卜能够增强视力，让他们在夜间的命中率上升。
事实上吃胡萝卜不会提升你的视力。
Britain's most famous night fighter ace, John "Cat's Eyes" Cunningham, had said in interviews that his favorite food was carrots, that's why British intelligence chose carrots for the cover story.
英国最为出名的夜间飞行员王牌，约翰“猫眼”科宁汉姆，在采访中说自己最喜欢的食物是胡萝卜，所以英国的情报部门用胡萝卜来掩盖这个故事。
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