Drug overdose death rates in the United States soared during the Covid-19 pandemic, and a new study suggests that Black and brown communities were hit hardest.
Black people had the largest percentage increase in overdose death rates in 2020 -- overtaking the rate among White people for the first time since 1999 -- and American Indian or Alaska Native people had the highest overdose death rate of any group in 2020, according to the study, published Wednesday in the journal JAMA Psychiatry.

在美国新型冠状病毒疾病流行期间，美国的药物过量死亡率急剧上升，一项新的研究表明，黑人和棕色人种受到的打击最大。
周三发表在《美国医学会精神病学》杂志上的这项研究显示，2020年，黑人的药物过量死亡率增幅最高，自1999年以来首次超过白人，而美国印第安人或阿拉斯加土著人的药物过量死亡率在2020年是所有人群中最高的。


New date show US drug epidemic is deadlier than ever ,but preventing overdoses is an uphill battle.

最新数据显示，美国的毒品流行比以往任何时候都要更加致命，但防止药物过量是一场艰苦的战斗。

Study authors Joseph Friedman and Dr. Helena Hansen, both of the University of California, Los Angeles, analyzed data on drug overdose deaths between 1999 and 2020 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's WONDER database and the National Center for Health Statistics.
The data showed that in 2020, American Indian or Alaska Natives had the highest rate of overdose deaths at 41.4 deaths per 100,000 people, 30.8% higher than the rate for White people.

洛杉矶加利福尼亚大学的研究作者Joseph Friedman和Helena Hansen博士分析了1999至2020年间美国疾病预防控制中心的WONDER数据库和美国国家卫生统计中心的药物过量死亡的数据。
数据显示，2020年，美国印第安人或阿拉斯加土著人的药物过量死亡率最高，为每10万人41.4例，比白人高30.8%

Black people had the second-highest overdose death rate in 2020, at 36.8 per 100,000. This is 16.3% higher than the rate for White people, which was 31.6 per 100,000.
Drug overdose rates among Hispanic or Latino people remained the lowest among the groups in the study, at 17.3 per 100,000 in 2020. However, Hispanic or Latino people had a large increase -- 40.1% -- in drug overdose rates in 2020.

2020年，黑人的药物过量死亡率位居第二，为每10万人36.8例。这比白人的比率高出16.3% ，白人的比率是每10万人31.6例。
西班牙裔或拉丁裔的药物过量率仍然是研究中最低的群体，2020年为每10万人17.3例。然而，西班牙人或拉丁美洲人在2020年药物过量的比率有很大的增长---- 40.1%。


Drug overdose deaths top100,000 annually for the first time,driven by fentanyl,CDC data show.

美国疾病控制与预防中心数据显示，芬太尼导致的药物过量死亡人数首次突破每年10万人。

"Drug overdose mortality is increasingly becoming a racial justice issue in the US," the study authors wrote. "Our results suggest that drug overdose mortality has been exacerbated during the COVID-19 pandemic."
All racial and ethnic groups in the study had increases in drug overdose death rates for 2020, and the increases were higher than any increase between 1999 and 2019, the data showed.

研究报告的作者写道: “在美国，药物过量死亡率正日益成为一个种族公平问题。”。“我们的结果表明，因为新冠病毒疾病的流行，导致药物过量死亡率的剧烈增加。"
数据显示，在2020年，研究中的所有种族和族裔群体的药物过量死亡率都有所上升，而且上升幅度高于1999年至2019年期间的任何增长。

Black people had the largest percentage increase in overdose deaths, at 48.8%, according to the study, rising from 24.7 deaths per 100,000 people in 2019 to 36.8 in 2020. White people saw a 26.3% increase.
The researchers noted that in 2020, the drug overdose death rate among Black people was higher than that among White people for the first time since 1999. For instance, in 2010, the overdose death rate among White people was double that of Black people, according to the data.

根据这项研究，黑人药物过量死亡的比例增加最多，达到48.8% ，从2019年的每10万人24.7例增加到2020年的36.8例。白人增加了26.3%。
研究人员指出，自1999年以来，2020年黑人药物过量死亡率首次高于白人。例如，根据数据，在2010年，白人的药物过量死亡率是黑人的两倍。

"These shifts reflect that Black communities have experienced higher annual percentage increases in overdose deaths compared with their White counterparts each year since 2012," Friedman and Hansen wrote.
The researchers wrote in their study that the US overdose crisis is worsening due to "an increasingly toxic illicit drug supply" that may disproportionately affect racial and ethnic minority communities.

Friedman和Hansen写道: “这些变化反映出，自2012年以来，黑人社区与白人社区相比，每年因服用过量药物而死亡的比例都有较高的增长。”
研究人员在他们的研究中写道，由于“毒性越来越大的非法药物供应”可能不成比例地影响种族和少数民族社区，美国的过量用药危机正在恶化。

The pandemic accelerated trends that had been heading in the wrong direction, and experts say that reversing course will require concentrated efforts -- and it will take time, both strategically and ideologically.

这场大流行加速了一直朝着错误方向发展的趋势，专家们表示，扭转这一趋势需要集中努力——而且在战略和意识形态上都需要时间。

"If and when Covid restrictions ease, you won't see a reversal in the same way you saw the acceleration because these drug distribution networks and addiction become embedded in the community. And it's not like they turn off overnight," Katherine Keyes, an associate professor at the Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health whose research focuses on psychiatric and substance use epidemiology, told CNN last month.
Early in the pandemic, Keyes was part of a research team that modeled the potential impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on drug overdoses. They found that even if the pandemic ended overnight, its effects on drug overdoses would persist for at least a year.

Katherine Keyes说：“如果新冠病毒的限制放松了，你不会看到你想象中的那种快速的扭转，因为这些药物分销网络和成瘾已经深入到社区。而且它们不会在一夜之间关闭。”哥伦比亚大学公共卫生学院的一位副教授上个月告诉CNN，他的研究重点是精神病学和药物使用流行病学。
在新冠状病毒疾病流行早期，Katherine Keyes是一个研究小组的成员，该小组模拟了新型冠状病毒疾病大流行对药物过量的潜在影响。他们发现，即使疫情在一夜之间结束，其对药物过量的影响也将持续至少一年。