The Government Pension Fund of Norway comprises two sovereign wealth funds owned by the government of Norway.
The Government Pension Fund Global (correct translation: Sovereign Pension Fund – Foreign), also known as the Oil Fund, was established in 1990 to invest the surplus revenues of the Norwegian petroleum sector. It has over US$1.35 trillion in assets,[1] and holds 1.4% of all of the world’s listed companies, making it the world’s largest sovereign wealth fund.[2][3] In December 2021, it was worth about $250,000 per Norwegian citizen.[1] It also holds portfolios of real estate and fixed-income investments.

挪威政国家主权基金是由两个政府掌控的主权财富基金组成。
(1)挪威政府全球养老基金,又称石油基金,成立于1990年,用于投资挪威石油部门的盈余收入。 它拥有超过1.35万亿美元的资产,持有的股份占全球上市公司市值的1.4%,是世界上最大的主权财富基金。到2021年12月为止,它的价值平均到每个挪威公民身上为25万美元 它还持有房地产和其他固定收益投资项目。

The Government Pension Fund Norway is smaller and was established in 1967 as a type of national insurance fund. It is managed separately from the Oil Fund and is limited to domestic and Scandinavian investments and is therefore a key stock holder in many large Norwegian companies, predominantly via the Oslo Stock Exchange.

(2)挪威政府养老基金,成立于1967年,是一种国民保险基金。 它与石油基金分开管理,仅限于国内和斯堪的纳维亚投资,因此是许多挪威大型公司的主要股东,主要通过奥斯陆证券交易所持有。
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Government Pension Fund Global
The Petroleum Fund was established in 1990 after a decision by the country's legislature to counter the effects of the forthcoming decline in income and to smooth out the disruptive effects of highly fluctuating oil prices.

挪威政府全球养老基金,是通过挪威石油收入产生的盈余财富存入的基金。 2006年1月,更名为挪威石油基金。
石油基金是该国立法机构于1990年设立的,目的是抵消未来可能的收入下降影响,并消除石油价格剧烈波动带来的破坏性影响。

Norway has experienced economic surpluses since the development of its hydrocarbon resources in the 70s. This reality, coupled with the desire to mitigate volatility stemming from fluctuating oil prices, motivated the creation of Norway's Oil Fund, now the Government Pension Fund-Global (GPF-G).[4] The instability of oil prices has been of constant concern for oil-dependent countries since the start of the oil boom, but especially so in the decades following the first oil shocks in the 1970s.[5] As the real GDP of oil-exporting states is lixed with the price of oil, it has been a goal of these exporters to stabilize oil consumption patterns, and a host of these exporting states singled out sovereign wealth funds as an effective policy tool for achieving this outcome.[5] The adoption of the GPF-G has been in line global economic trends, especially investment patterns.

自上世纪70年代油气资源开发以来,挪威的经济一直处于盈余状态。 再加上想要减少油价波动带来的影响,促使挪威建立了石油基金,现在是政府全球养老基金。
自石油繁荣开始以来,石油价格的不稳定性一直是依赖石油出口的国家所共同关注的问题,但自从20世纪70年代第一次石油危机之后,几十年里石油价格一直不稳定。
由于石油出口国的国内生产总值(GDP)与石油价格挂钩,稳定石油消费模式一直是这些出口国的目标,许多出口国都将主权财富基金作为实现这一目标的有效政策工具。
石油基金的设立符合全球经济趋势,特别是投资模式。

In September 2017, the fund exceeded US$1 trillion in value for the first time, a thirteen-fold increase since 2002. With a population of 5.2 million people, the fund was worth $192,307 per Norwegian citizen. Of the assets, 65% were equities (accounting for 1.3% of global equity markets), and the rest were property and fixed-income investments. Norway can withdraw up to 3% of the fund's value each year.[9] According to the forecast, a worst-case scenario for the fund value in 2030 was forecast at $455 billion, and a best case scenario at $3.3 trillion.[12] With 2.33 percent of European stocks,[13] it is the largest stock owner in Europe.[14]

2017年9月,该基金的价值首次超过1万亿美元,自2002年以来增长了13倍。 挪威人口为520万,该基金的人均价值为19万2307美元。 在这些资产中,65%是股票(占全球股票市场的1.3%),其余是房地产和固定收益投资。 挪威每年最多可以提取该基金价值的3%用于政府开支。根据该预测,2030年,该基金的最坏情况为4550亿美元,最好情况为3.3万亿美元 它拥有欧洲2.33%的股份,是欧洲最大的股东。