加拿大和墨西哥都是美国的邻国，为什么美国和加拿大关系很好，却和墨西哥关系不好?

Azul González
True, the US doesn’t have good relations with Mexico; it has excellent relations with Mexico.

没错，美国与墨西哥的关系不是好;它与墨西哥的关系是特别好。

Mexico-US relations started improving after WW2, when Mexico played an important role in the Philippines Campaign against Japan and as a supplier for the US and the other allied powers. This opened Mexico up to the world more than ever, and as a result, it began to build good relations with the US and the Allied powers (and also the Axis powers, especially Germany and Japan, two close friends of Mexico)

墨西哥和美国的关系在二战后开始改善，当时墨西哥作为美国和其他盟国的供应商，在菲律宾对抗日本的战役中扮演了重要角色。这使墨西哥比以往任何时候都更加开放，因此，当时的墨西哥开始与美国和同盟国(以及轴心国，特别是德国和日本，墨西哥的两个亲密朋友)建立良好的关系。

Mexico doesn’t really have bad relations with any country, as it has kept neutrality in most conflicts and never attacked anyone. I mean, try to name a country Mexico has bad relations with, I’ll wait. Relations with both countries have had some tensions, most notably during former president Trump’s presidency (you know, the wall and NAFTA stuff), although both countries have kept close and good relations.

墨西哥与任何国家的关系都不坏，因为它在大多数冲突中保持中立，从不攻击任何人。我这么说吧，你可以试着说出一个和墨西哥关系不好的国家，我等着。美墨这两个国家的关系有些紧张，最明显的是在前总统特朗普执政期间(你知道，边境墙和北美自由贸易协定的事情)，尽管两国一直保持着密切和良好的关系。

Mexico is one of the main trading partners of the US, and the US is the largest trading partner of Mexico. The United States is home to the most Mexicans outside of Mexico, and Mexico is also home to the most Americans outside of the USA. Citizens of both countries like to visit each other (although it’s a lot harder for us Mexicans to visit the US), this isn’t at all a bad relationship.
That being said, yes, there is some saltiness and scepticism of the USA in Mexico, but most of us agree that it’s a good thing to be partners with them rather than enemies. I hope that’s the case up north too.

墨西哥是美国的主要贸易伙伴之一，美国是墨西哥最大的贸易伙伴。美国是除了墨西哥以外，拥有墨西哥人最多的国家，而墨西哥也是美国以外美国人最多的国家。两国公民都喜欢互相访问(尽管墨西哥人要去美国要难得多)，这绝对不是一种糟糕的关系。
话虽如此，是的，墨西哥人对美国的态度有些尖刻和怀疑，但我们大多数人都同意，与他们成为伙伴而不是敌人是件好事。我希望北方的美国也是这样想的。

Both countries have a free trade agreement (with Canada included too), US companies manufacture many, many things in Mexico such as cars and electronics, and Mexico has in the United States more consulates than any other country has anywhere: 47 plus the embassy in DC. The US has considerably less diplomatic missions in Mexico, but they are still a lot: 21 plus the embassy in Mexico City.

两国都与美国有自由贸易协定(加拿大也有)，美国公司在墨西哥生产很多很多东西，比如汽车和电子产品，墨西哥在美国的领事馆比其他任何国家都多:47个领事馆加上在华盛顿的大使馆。美国在墨西哥的外交使馆要少得多，但仍有很多:21个，还有驻墨西哥城的大使馆。

Josh, former Research Specialist II, International Relations at Department of Energy - Republic of the Philippines …

菲律宾共和国能源部前国际关系研究专家

It might have its roots from the medi wars between Queen Elizabeth I of England and King Philip II of Spain. Although most Americans probably don’t care about it, the cultural friction was carried into modern times subconsciously.
However, you might be thinking of it in terms of social relations between an average American, Mexican and Canadian. Canadians and Americans tend to have more in common and contrast sharply against Mexican ways and behaviour. The World Book Encyclopedia cites the friction between Mexican and American settlers in Texas leading to the Battle of Alamo to “racial difference - Americans are white while Mexicans are Mestizos”.

这种情况可能起源于中世纪英国女王伊丽莎白一世和西班牙国王菲利普二世之间的战争。虽然大多数美国人可能并不关心这一点，但文化摩擦在潜意识中被带入了现代。
然而，你可能会从普通美国人、墨西哥人和加拿大人之间的社会关系来进行解读。加拿大人和美国人往往有更多的共同点，他们与墨西哥人的行为方式形成鲜明对比。《世界百科全书》记录了德克萨斯州的墨西哥人和美国移民之间的摩擦，导致了阿拉莫战役，“种族差异——美国人是白人，而墨西哥人是混血”。

Maybe you just tend to highlight the modern times friction between an average Mexican-American or Mexican illegal and White American on TV.
But Americans and Canadians also has some sort of friction. Many Canadians are turned back while entering the border and vice versa Americans being denied entry. There is just as much friction between Canadians and Americans as that of Mexicans and Americans. It’s just that the Mexican-American friction is more highlighted on TV while Canadians and Americans tend to be lumped into one and the same banana - language, culture and race. But I’ve encountered serious frictions between an average Canadian and American but not as bad as that of Mexican-Americans vs. White Americans on TV.

也许你只是倾向于强调在电视节目中现代墨西哥裔美国人或墨西哥非法移民与美国白人之间的摩擦。
但是美国人和加拿大人之间也存在一些摩擦。许多加拿大人在进入边境时被遣返，反之亦然，美国人被拒绝入境。加拿大人和美国人之间的摩擦就像墨西哥人和美国人之间的摩擦一样多。只是墨西哥裔美国人的摩擦在电视上更引人注目，而加拿大人和美国人往往被归为一类，有着相同的语言、文化和种族。但我也遇到过普通加拿大人和美国人之间的严重摩擦，虽然他们之间的摩擦没有电视上墨西哥裔美国人和白人之间的摩擦那么严重。

The White Americans and White English Canadians has some sort of friction as well due to a slighly different way of life and philosophy. Americans are somewhat more materialistic workaholic and built on big business corporations; while Canadians are relatively British together with Australians and New Zealanders built on the traditions of British democracy that began with the Magna Carta and cemented during the Victorian Age. Although the commonwealth members are distinct of each other and politically independent of each other, they share a common political design and a common queen. That difference causes some sort friction between Canadians and Americans. Americans insult Canadians as stoned slackers while Canadians insult Americans as shallow greedy money slaves.

美国白人和加拿大英语区白人也有一些摩擦，因为他们的生活方式和哲学稍有不同。美国人在某种程度上是物质主义的工作狂，而这建立在大企业的基础上;而加拿大人与澳大利亚人和新西兰人相对来说更英国人一些，他们的生活方式建立在英国民主传统的基础上，这种传统始于《大宪章》（注：《大宪章》是英国君主立宪制的法律基石 签署时间 1215年6月15日 ），并在维多利亚时代得到巩固。尽管英联邦成员国各不相同，政治上相互独立，但他们有共同的政治体制和共同的女王。这种差异导致了加拿大人和美国人之间的一些摩擦。美国人侮辱加拿大人是飘飘然的懒鬼，而加拿大人则辱骂美国人是浅薄贪婪的金钱奴隶。

On the Political front, your observations are quite the opposite. USA and Mexico has excellent diplomatic relations. Trump was just banking on mainstream grudges against Latinos so he publicly pounced on Mexico. It’s his public relations stunt. But before Trump, the United States of America and United Mexican States had good diplomatic relations. Just about the same with the Commonwealth of Canada.

在政治方面，事实与你的看法正好相反。美国和墨西哥有着良好的外交关系。特朗普只是指望激起主流社会对拉丁美洲人的怨恨，所以他公开攻击墨西哥。这是他的公关噱头。但在特朗普之前，美利坚合众国和墨西哥合众国有着良好的外交关系。加拿大联邦的情况也差不多。

…
Just to add. It’s probably because humans tend to be shallow and visual. They see the difference between Paris Hilton and Selena Gomez but can’t see the difference between Paris Hilton and Scarlet Johansson. Selena Gomez is “Mexican-American” but Scarlet Johansson is rarely realised to be Canadian-American. Dr. Jordan Peterson and Jim Carey are Canadian-Americans but rarely do humans realise that. But they are quick to identify Machete, Selena, Santana as Mexican-Americans.
Humans tend to be shallow and look at the physical features more than the deeper story of things.

补充一下，这可能是因为人类倾向于肤浅和依靠视觉。他们能看出帕丽斯·希尔顿和赛琳娜·戈麦斯之间的区别，却看不出帕丽斯·希尔顿和斯嘉丽·约翰逊之间的区别。赛琳娜·戈麦斯是“墨西哥裔美国人”，但斯嘉丽·约翰逊却很少人知道她是加拿大裔美国人。乔丹·彼得森博士和吉姆·凯里都是加拿大裔美国人，但人们很少意识到这一点。但他们很快就认出砍刀、赛琳娜和桑塔纳是墨西哥裔美国人。
人类倾向于肤浅，关注的是身体特征，而不是事物的深层故事。

…
P.S. Historically, Canada is actually a former French Colony known as Nuveau France - the enemy of that the British colonists (now Americans) were fighting against during the French and Indian Wars. The French and Indian Wars was actually more of a conflict between the British colonists and French colonists in North America than a war between England and France.

注：历史上，加拿大实际上是一个前法国殖民地，被称为Nuveau France——在法国和印第安人战争期间，英国殖民者(现在的美国人)是与之作战的敌人。法印战争与其说是英法之间的战争，不如说是北美的英国殖民者和法国殖民者之间的冲突。

The French colonists lost this war and they were surendered to the British, thus becoming British Canada. Up to 1776, Canada was mostly French under British Rule while most settlers from England, Scotland and Ireland preferred to settle in what is now the United States. After the American patriots win in 1783, loyalists from the original thirteen colonies (United Empire Loyalists) fled to Canada, thus creating a sizable English descended population on Canada. As Canada expanded westward, it became more English as it is now than it’s original French persona. The East Coast of Canada is still very much French centered in Montreal.
But this is a separate topic. In relation to the question, we discussed the relation between English Canadians and Americans.

法国殖民者输掉了这场战争，他们向英国投降，因此这里成为了英属加拿大。到1776年，在英国统治下加拿大的主要国民是法国人，而大多数来自英格兰、苏格兰和爱尔兰的移民更愿意定居在现在的美国。1783年美国爱国者获胜后，来自原13个殖民地(联合帝国保皇派)的保皇派逃往加拿大，从而在加拿大创造了相当数量的英国后裔。随着加拿大向西扩张，它变得更像现在的英国，而不是最初的法国形象。在加拿大东海岸以蒙特利尔为中心的地区仍然很法国。
但这是一个单独的话题。至于本文中的这个问题，我们讨论了英裔加拿大人和美国人之间的关系。

Doug Freyburger
The sibling relationship between the US and Canada is unique in world history. It’s not fair to compare the relationships of any two other countries with us. We have the longest undefended border in history for both distance and time. We have the closest military, diplomacy and business relationship of any two counties in the world. When you see us bickering, it’s more like brothers at the dinner table at home together than like any other diplomatic talk anywhere ever.

美国和加拿大的兄弟姐妹关系在世界历史上是独一无二的。拿其他两个国家的关系和我们比较是不公平的。我们有历史上距离和时间最长的无防御边界。我们拥有世界上最密切的军事、外交和商业关系。当你看到我们争吵的时候，更像是在家里的餐桌上一起吃饭的兄弟，而不是任何其他外交对话。

If you compare the US-Mexico relationship fairly you can’t use the US-Canada relationship. To be fair you have to compare with other random countries. When you do THAT comparison our countries are good friends and allies.
The US bullied Mexico in a war in the 1840s and we’ve been at peace ever since. After Hurricane Katrina we asked for troop support and Mexican troops marched across our border to cheering crowds of citizens. That’s amazing stuff. Especially for countries with different majority languages.

如果你想公平地与美墨关系进行比较，你就不能用美加关系来衡量。公平地说，你必须随机与其他国家进行比较。当你做这样的比较时，我们两个国家是好朋友和盟友。
19世纪40年代，美国在一场战争中欺负过墨西哥，此后我们一直处于和平状态。卡特里娜飓风过后，我们请求军队支援，墨西哥军队穿过我们的边境，美国民众夹道欢迎。这是很神奇的事情。特别是对于使用不同主流语言的国家而言。
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Warren Eckels, works at Ivy Tech Community College of Indiana

就职于印第安纳州常春藤理工社区学院

The feeling of friendship and unity between Canada, Mexico and the United States is about as strong as any friendly relationship outside the EU and many relationships within the EU.
That does not preclude the Canadians seeing the US as a parade on meth with shootings, the Americans seeing Canadians as kinder, gentler Americans (to Canadians’ endless resentment) and the Mexicans as immigrant hordes while Mexicans will always remember that six US states used to be Mexican territory.

加拿大、墨西哥和美国之间的友谊和团结感与欧盟以外的所有友好关系以及欧盟内部的许多关系一样强烈。
这并不妨碍加拿大人将美国视为冰毒与枪击之地，也不妨碍美国人将加拿大人视为更善良、更温和的美国人(这让加拿大人感到无尽的怨恨)，更不妨碍美国人将墨西哥人视为移民群体，而墨西哥人永远记得美国的六个州曾是墨西哥领土。

Garrett Papit, MBA from Keller Graduate School of Management

凯勒管理研究生院MBA

US and Mexico relations are just fine. Politicians and the media like to get ratings by alternately offending the Hispanics and whites with knee-jerk emotionalism designed to get people mad so they tune-in and provide ratings. There’s a difference between bad relations and challenges caused by differing socio-economic development and cultures living side by side. That the human heart yearns to have more than it currently does yet also to safeguard what it has and finds important means there will always be tension between US and Mexican citizens. At a national level, we have more cooperation and respect that many other countries that border each other.

美国和墨西哥的关系还不错。政客和媒体喜欢通过用下意识的情绪主义来轮流冒犯西班牙裔和白人来获得收视率，他们这么做是为了让人们感到生气，从而让他们收看节目以获得收视率。糟糕的关系和不同的社会经济发展水平和文化差异并存所造成的挑战之间是有区别的。人类的内心渴望拥有比现在更多的东西，也渴望保护自己拥有的东西，这很重要，这也意味着美国和墨西哥公民之间将永远存在紧张关系。而在国家层面上，我们比许多相邻的国家有更多的合作和尊重。