大流行如何影响了你的心理健康？

Abby Ives
, Psychotherapist for 30+ years, MSW, Columbia University
For a variety of reasons, I believe it has indeed had a huge effect on mental health, both from an anecdotal and common sense perspective.
For many people it has raised their anxiety levels, even if there has been no actual reason for that. I was talking with a friend just yesterday who was talking about how she had just about maxed out on pandemic anxiety and was feeling totally overwhelmed. I think many people feel the same way.
I think the anxiety and depression has been felt more by some groups than others, although that is a generalization. The elderly, who have been cut off from friends, children and grandchildren, have found it very difficult to adjust to, for many, a much more isolated life. So too, parents who have had to balance work with home schooling obligations have been run to the point of exhaustion and have experienced an increase in anxiety. Many children have had extreme difficulty adapting to a more isolated, more restricted lifestyle, as have others who’s lives or lifestyles, have bee interrupted. Others, who have not been able to work from home, and have had to work with the public in a variety of settings, those we call the front line workers, have had very genuine reasons to be concerned, as have those who have lost friends or family members. Almost everyone knows, or knows of, someone who has died. The nameless, faceless, invisible threat that is Covid 19, has generated fear and anxiety for many, and feelings of desperation, hopelessness and depression for others.

由于各种原因，我相信无论是从传闻还是从常识的角度来看，它确实对心理健康产生了巨大影响。
对许多人来说，大流行提高了他们的焦虑水平，即使没有实际上的原因。我昨天还在和一个朋友聊天，她说她对大流行病的焦虑几乎达到了极限，感觉完全被压垮了。我想很多人都有同样的感觉。
我认为一些群体对焦虑和抑郁的感受比其他群体更强烈，尽管这只是一种简化。与朋友、子女和孙子孙女断绝联系的老人，发现这很难适应，对许多人来说，这是一种更加孤立的生活。同样，那些不得不平衡工作和家庭教育义务的父母，也被逼得筋疲力尽，焦虑感增加。许多孩子在适应更孤立、更受限制的生活方式方面遇到了极大的困难，其他人的生活或生活方式也被打断了。其他不能在家工作、不得不在各种场合与公众打交道的人，也就是我们所说的一线工作者，有非常真实的理由感到担忧，那些失去朋友或家人的人也是如此。几乎每个人都知道，或听说到有人死了。Covid19这种无名、无面、无形的威胁，使许多人产生了恐惧和焦虑，也使一些人产生了绝望、无望和抑郁的感觉。

Jeffrey Greenstein
, former Retired I'm just a guy
Well, I can only tell you what I know. Look around and what do you see? Schools closures, business opening and then closing and then opening again, and some just going out of business. Depression is skyrocketing, alcoholism is up, spousal abuse is up, the stay at home orders, the constant lockdown orders, good people dying from this invisible virus.
At first I was terrified from even the thought of getting this virus and dying from it. I am retired, 66 a type 2 diabetic and a little overweight, so I’m in a few high risk categories I am hunkered down inside my apartment since the beginning of the pandemic. I only go out to get my mail once a week, take the trash out, and take my car out to keep the battery alive. And when I do go out, I wear two masks and I definitely stay away from everyone. If I need anything, I have it shipped right to my front door. I’m trying to stay safe and away from this virus. I live alone, but I have been alone for so long, I’m use to it. I’m very independent, and I keep myself busy during the day. If I need to speak to my therapist, I call and make a phone appointment. I also have download a few mental health apps on to my smartphone to help me if I need it. So all in all i’m OK.

好吧，我只能告诉你我所知道的。看看周围，你看到了什么？学校关闭，企业开张，然后关闭，然后再开张，有些企业就这样倒闭了。抑郁症急剧上升，酗酒增加，虐待配偶案件增加，居家令，不断的封锁命令，好人死于这种无形的病毒。
起初，我甚至一想到会感染这种病毒并死于这种病毒就感到害怕。我已经退休，66岁，是2型糖尿病患者，而且有点超重，所以我属于几个高风险类别。我每周只出去拿一次邮件，倒一次垃圾，并把我的车开出去以保持电池的活力。当我出去的时候，我戴着两个口罩，而且我绝对远离所有人。如果我需要什么东西，我让人直接把它运到我的前门。我正在努力保持安全，远离这种病毒。我一个人住，但我已经孤独了这么久，我已经习惯了。我非常独立，白天我让自己很忙。如果我需要和我的治疗师交谈，我会打电话预约。我还在我的智能手机上下载了一些心理健康应用程序，如果我需要的话，可以帮助我。所以总的来说，我很好。

Katarzyna Mrugalska
, Interested in everything about this fictional character
It depends on where you live. If you live in a dangerous area in a South American city and are unemployed you might feel that you have nothing to live for. However, if you live in Europe and have a loan to pay for whatever reason, while your salary has decreased you’re likely to worry.
Sleepless nights, falling asleep at 5 am in the moring can have tragic effects. Anxiety is not a feeling to be ignored. Some people live alone. Computers can’t replace human contact. Families crowded into two rooms may feel claustrophopia.
But if you have someone to talk to nicely, you should be fine. I’m living with my parents now. They’re working. I’m fine, but I know that my future isn’t very hopeful. I’m 32 childless and unmarried. A long gap of unemployment isn’t going to make be have a good life. I’m not working since November 2020.

这取决于你生活在什么地方。如果你住在南美城市的一个危险地区，并且失业，你可能会觉得没什么所谓。然而，如果你住在欧洲，无论出现什么原因都有贷款需要支付，而你的工资却减少了，你可能会很担心。
失眠的夜晚，在凌晨5点入睡，会产生悲剧性的影响。焦虑不是一种可以忽视的感觉。有些人独自生活。电脑不能取代人与人之间的接触。挤在两个房间里的家庭可能会感到幽闭恐惧症。
但如果你有一个人可以进行良好的沟通，你应该会没事。我现在和我的父母住在一起。他们在工作。我很好，但我知道，我的未来并不很有希望。我32岁了，没有孩子，也没有结婚。长时间的失业并不能使我有一个好的生活。我从2020年11月起就失业了。

Doris Wrench Eisler
, studied at University of Alberta
It hasn’t been good. Enforced spacing and isolation are not natural, or certainly an abrupt change from the usual, inducing feelings of loneliness, helplessness and even alienation. It has certainly affected spontaneity and natural displays of affection and friendship. And to make things worse, there is the problem of long COVID which goes beyond the purely psychological to the physical and physiological effects of the virus itself. In some cases these effects, or sequelae, are long-lasting and unpredictable. I understand some progress has been made in treatments but there is yet a long way to go.
And there are the very practical problems of unemployment, underemployment and even more precarious employment, along with added expenses directly associated with the virus and protocols. Most people fear becoming ill, or that family members will. Many have suffered the loss of family members, acquaintances or associates and the large numbers of deaths generally have thrown a pall over the world that will not easily be shaken off.

这一直不是什么好事。强制的间隔和隔离不是自然的，或者说肯定是与平时大相径庭的变化，诱发了孤独、无助甚至疏远的感觉。这无疑影响了自发性和自然的感情和友谊的展示。而更糟糕的是，还有长期的COVID问题，它超越了纯粹的心理问题，而是病毒本身对于你的身体和生理影响。在某些情况下，这些影响或后遗症是长期的、不可预知的。我知道在治疗这种病毒方面已经取得了一些进展，但仍有很长的路要走。
还有非常实际的问题，即失业、就业不足，甚至更不稳定的就业，以及与病毒和协议直接相关的额外费用。大多数人担心生病，或者担心家人会生病。许多人已经失去了家人、熟人或伙伴，大量的死亡给世界带来了不容易摆脱的阴影。

Paul Erez
, Lecturer at BGU
Terribly.
Everybody is TERRIFIED.
People are clinging to the advise of people in authority they CHOOSE to believe because they have to believe in SOMETHING, although they too realize that the authorities have also, consistently, been wrong many times.
This leads to hysterical, extreme positions, increased suicide, substance abuse, violence.
This virus hit a Western world that had begun to seriously believe that the good, luxurious life we live is guaranteed. It was a sudden, deafening slap in the face, from unpleasant reality. And it is not over.

太可怕了。
每个人都很害怕。
人们紧紧抓住权威人士的建议，他们选择相信，因为他们必须相信某种东西，尽管他们也意识到，权威人士也一直是错误的，错了很多次。
这导致了歇斯底里的极端立场，增加了自杀、药物滥用和暴力。
这种病毒袭击了一个已经开始认真地相信我们生活的美好、奢侈的生活是有保障的西方世界。这是一个突然的、震耳欲聋的耳光，来自令人不快的现实。而且它还没有结束。

Richard Simnett
Some people, as other answers say, are badly affected. Isolation from others can do that, so elderly people living alone were especially badly affected by loneliness. Elderly people in nursing homes were badly affected by death from COVID, as nursing homes had little PPE, little skilled medical staff, and poor sterilisation practices.
My wife and I are both retired, and we kept ourselves to ourselves except for shopping when necessary. We have ways to keep ourselves occupied and enjoy beaches, the sea, our dog, and a swimming pool. We can play other people at bridge online, and occasionally in person. We read, we watch movies (some rather scraping the bottom of the barrel), and we have not gone stir-crazy.
Some relatives are in the same boat, others have children and themselves work. That is a lot more difficult than our situation, and we shall find out how hard at a family get together in June.

正如其他答案所说，有些人受到了严重的影响。与他人隔离造成了这一点，所以独居的老人受孤独的影响特别严重。而疗养院的老人受到COVID死亡的严重影响，因为疗养院几乎没有个人防护设备，没有熟练的医务人员，消毒措施也很差。
我的妻子和我都已经退休了，除了在必要的时候出去购物，我们把自己封闭起来。我们有办法保持自己的生活，享受海滩、大海、我们的狗，还有一个游泳池。我们可以在网上和其他人打桥牌，偶尔也会亲自上阵。我们读书，看电影（比较将就的电影），我们还没有陷入疯狂的状态。
一些亲戚也是如此，其他人有孩子，自己也有工作。他们比我们的情况要困难得多，我们在6月份的家庭聚会上发现了这有多困难。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Michael Hills
, lived in The United States of America
Covid-19 is quite frankly, terrible for mental health. Especially if you are an introvert.
Lockdown becomes an excuse to stay inside, to avoid others, and to isolate yourself at home, indulging in all the guilty pleasures.
The problem is, humans are social creatures. We as a species are meant to be banded together in groups, living, laughing, loving, together. When this fundamental aspect of human social structure is stripped and derailed, humans suffer. We suffer immensely.
Take prison punishment as an example. Solitary confinement is one of the worst, maximum-security containments there are to prison inmates. Why is that? It strips people of their ability to socialize. The intent of solitary confinement, of course, is to preclude the inmate from being a threat to other people, but the collateral damage is clear and deep.
Let’s take this back to introversion. Socializing in high human density areas drains the energy from introverts. They prefer alone time and like to relax by themselves. That does not mean they thrive from a lack of human interaction. As humans, we interact with each other in many different ways, most of the time mundane ways, such as asking that grocery store employee where the Brussel sprouts are, or exchanging niceties with the garbage man. Introverts, although they may avoid explicitly indulging in social activities, still obtain these small social interactions throughout the day.
But not with Covid-19 lockdown. Lockdown takes everything away, almost like solitary confinement. And the introverts, although they may not realize it at first, are also losing even these mundane opportunities to interact with people. This becomes a big problem as time passes. Depression, anxiety, loneliness, and sadness can set in.
But how to fix this? A positive mindset. Optimism. Trying new things and being thankful and showing appreciation for the little things. Convincing yourself that you are happy and that you get what you want can go a long way. Behold the might of psychology. Just know that the worst of life will pass, and that pain exists for the sole purpose of making the light on the other side brighter, sweeter to behold when the suffering passes.
Stay safe.

坦率地说，Covid-19对心理健康造成的影响是很糟糕的。特别是如果你是一个内向的人。
禁闭变成了一个借口，让你呆在屋里，避开别人，把自己孤立在家里，沉溺于所有罪恶的快乐。
问题是，人类是社会性的动物。我们作为一个物种，注定要结成群体，一起生活、欢笑、爱。当人类社会结构的这一基本方面被剥夺和脱轨时，人类就会受到影响。我们的痛苦是巨大的。
以监狱惩罚为例。隔离监禁是对监狱囚犯最糟糕的、最安全的限制之一。这是为什么呢？因为它剥夺了人们的社交能力。当然，单独监禁的目的是排除囚犯对其他人的威胁，但附带的损害是明显和深刻的。
让我们把这个问题带回内向性。在人类密度高的地区进行社交活动会消耗内向者的能量。他们更喜欢独处的时间，喜欢自己放松。这并不意味着他们可以在缺乏人际交往的情况下茁壮成长。作为人类，我们以许多不同的方式相互交流，大多数时候都是平凡的方式，例如询问杂货店的员工绿豆芽在哪里，或与清洁工说几句客气话。内向的人，尽管他们可能避免明确地沉溺于社交活动中，但仍然会在一天中获得这些小的社交互动。
但在Covid-19的封锁下就不一样了。禁闭带走了一切，几乎像监狱的禁闭一样。而内向的人，尽管他们一开始可能没有意识到，也失去了甚至这些与人交往的平凡机会。随着时间的推移，这将成为一个大问题。抑郁、焦虑、孤独和悲伤都会随之而来。
但如何解决这个问题呢？一种积极的心态。乐观的态度。尝试新事物，对小事怀有感恩之心并表示赞赏。说服自己，你是幸福的，你得到你想要的东西，可以走很长的路。领略心理学的威力。只要知道生活中最糟糕的情况会过去，痛苦存在的唯一目的是使另一边的光更明亮，当痛苦过去时，甜会更甜。
注意安全。

Aliza Phillips
, studied Certification as Depression & Bipolar Disorder Support Group Leader at Johns Hopkins University
In many well-adjusted people, who understand the terribly serious implications of Covid-19, it’s not having that much of an effect. People just cope with the restrictions imposed upon them with the knowledge that they are diminishing the chances that they will contract the disease.
In other people, who have mood disorders (like depression and Bipolar disorder), anxiety and other mental illnesses, media coverage of restrictions, statistics on how many have contracted the disease, how many have the disease at present, and how many people have succumbed to the disease will cause greater anxiety and depression as does being restricted from going to restaurants, movies, the theatre, concerts, museums, meeting with friends and extended family.
Besides working from home, there are many pursuits that can be enjoyed at home, besides television. You can check to see if your local library permits you to reserve books and pick them up. You can play games (if someone or your family lives with you) such as card games or Scrabble. You can watch films and concerts for free on YouTube. You can call, FaceTime, Skype, or Zoom with friends. You can often Zoom to attend religious services (though some houses of worship are open with limited seating). You can cook new recipes and bake old favorites. You can volunteer (masked of course) at a pet shelter or at a food pantry to distribute food or meals to needy people. You can watch the latest news about President-elect Biden on MSNBC or CNN. You can subscribe to magazines. You (if you’re single) can even join an online dating service just to meet people online to chat (for the moment). Have hope, this will end especially because we will have a new President in January who will have medical experts on his Pandemic panel!!

在许多适应良好的人中，他们早已了解 Covid-19 的严重影响，所以对他们并没有产生太大的影响。人们只是要应付强加给他们的限制，知道他们是在减少他们感染这种疾病的机会。
对于其他患有情绪障碍（如抑郁症和双相情感障碍）、焦虑和其他精神疾病的人来说，媒体对限制的报道，关于有多少人感染了这种疾病，目前有多少人患有这种疾病，以及有多少人屈服于这种疾病的统计数字，这些举动正如被限制去餐馆、电影、剧院、音乐会、博物馆、与朋友和大家庭见面一样，会引起他们更大的焦虑和抑郁。
除了在家工作，除了电视，还有很多追求可以在家里享受。你可以查看当地的图书馆是否允许你预订书籍并取走它们。你可以玩游戏（如果有人或你的家人和你住在一起），如纸牌游戏或拼字游戏。你可以在YouTube上免费观看电影和音乐会。你可以和朋友打电话、FaceTime、Skype或Zoom。你可以经常使用 Zoom 来参加宗教仪式（尽管一些礼拜堂是开放的，但座位有限）。你可以学习新的菜谱，也可以烤制小时候最爱的点心。你可以在宠物收容所或食品储藏室做志愿者（当然要戴着口罩），向有需要的人分发食物或饭菜。你可以在MSNBC或CNN上观看关于拜登竞选总统的最新新闻。你可以订阅杂志。你（如果你是单身）甚至可以加入在线约会服务，只是为了在网上认识人聊天（暂时）。要有希望，这会结束的，特别是因为我们将在一月份有一位新总统，他将有医学专家参加他的大流行病小组！!

Parth Prajapati
, Business Development Manager at QX Ltd
We’re all in a bind.
We are now dealing with two different contagions – the virus and negative emotions that follow.
I work with accountants and most of them feel overwhelmed, anxious, frustrated, fearful and most of all, helpless. Business is on hold, and they’re caught in a knock-on effect because the cashflow has stopped.
In human beings, the primitive instinct to counter a crisis is by going into our survival mode. In other words, as animals of evolution, we like to take action by ensuring the protection of ourselves and our loved ones.
But COVID-19 is devastating because it leaves us to do nothing. We’re required to isolate ourselves, sit still in our homes while our finances crumple. Our lack of control is causing us anxiety, sleepless nights and damaging or mental health day by day.
The thing is in our in our civilized worlds, the virus isn’t our only enemy. Our survival is also threatened by the disruption in our finances and everyday functioning of business. Even if we end up protecting our bodies and health by remaining in isolation indoors, we’re failing to protect other crucial factors of livelihood – like business and travel for essential purposes.
To counter helplessness, we end up overworking, making poor rash decisions and leading to disheartening outcomes. We fall into vicious cycles of exhausting ourselves, further weakening our mental well-being. There’s a useful podcast back me up on this too: COVID-19 Special: Podcast on Mental Health in Accountants with Karen Reyburn and Rachel Thomas
Sadly, we don’t pay attention to any of it and try to work through it. I think if we want to get through this we need to start practicing self-care. Protecting yourself from a mental health illness is just as important as protecting yourself from the virus.

我们都陷入了困境。
我们现在正在处理两种不同的传染病--病毒和随之而来的负面情绪。
我与会计师一起工作，他们中的大多数人感到不知所措、焦虑、沮丧、恐惧，最重要的是无助。业务被搁置，且由于现金流停止，他们陷入了连锁反应。
在人类中，应对危机的原始本能是进入我们的生存模式。换句话说，作为进化的动物，我们喜欢通过确保保护我们自己和我们所爱的人来采取行动。
但COVID-19是毁灭性的，因为它让我们无所作为。我们被要求孤立自己，坐在家里不动，而我们的财务状况却崩溃了。对事情控制的缺乏使我们焦虑不安，夜不能寐，并日复一日地损害我们的精神健康。
问题是在我们的文明世界中，病毒并不是我们唯一的敌人。我们的生存也受到了财政和日常业务运作中断的威胁。即使我们最终通过在室内与世隔绝来保护我们的身体和健康，我们也没能保护其他关键的生计因素--例如出于基本目的的商务和旅行。
为了对抗无助感，我们最终会过度工作，做出糟糕的草率决定，导致令人沮丧的结果。我们陷入了让自己筋疲力尽的恶性循环，进一步削弱了我们的精神健康。
可悲的是，我们没有注意到这一切，还试图解决它。我想如果我们想度过这个难关，就需要开始练习自我保健。保护自己不受心理健康疾病的影响，就像保护自己不受病毒影响一样重要。

Sulakshi Ashirwadini
, Internship at IIDE
This is a fantastic question. During this pandemic, the majority of them are dealing with mental health issues.
When we are confronted with uncertainty or the unknown, we experience fear and stress. As a result, it's understandable that people are afraid during this covid pandemic.
To slow the spread of the virus and prevent transmission of the disease, governments around the world have implemented strict measures, including lockdown, which restricts physical movement. This restriction could range from not gathering in public places to only leaving the house for daily necessities.
There are two sides to this, just as there are two sides to a coin.
On the positive side, we are spending quality time with our families and maintaining good communication with them during this lockdown;
on the negative side, constant viewing of the walls around us and being in the same place for an extended period made people feel like they were trapped.
Government-led public health initiatives, such as social distancing, can make people feel isolated and lonely, as well as increase stress and anxiety. People are also dealing with issues such as changes in their daily lives, some losing jobs, resulting in financial hardship, fear of contracting corona or already having it or being shunned by their families and neighbours for having COVID-19 when they didn't, all of which have impacted many people's mental health.

这是一个很好的问题。在这场大流行中，他们中的大多数人都在处理心理健康问题。
当我们面对不确定性或未知时，我们会经历恐惧和压力。因此，在这次病毒大流行期间，人们感到恐惧是可以理解的。
为了减缓病毒的感染，防止疾病的传播，世界各地的政府已经实施了严格的措施，包括封锁，限制身体的移动。这种限制的范围可以从不在公共场所聚集到只为日常必需品才离开家。
这么做有两面性，就像硬币有两面性一样。
在积极的一面，我们正在与家人共度美好时光，并在这次封锁期间与他们保持良好沟通。
从消极的一面来看，不断查看周围的墙壁，长时间呆在同一个地方，让人觉得自己被困住了。
政府主导的公共卫生举措，例如保持社交距离，会使人们感到孤立和孤独，并增加压力和焦虑。人们还面临着日常生活变化、一些人失业、导致经济困难、害怕感染新冠病毒或已经感染新冠病毒或其实未感染 COVID-19 却被家人和邻居回避等问题，所有这些都影响了许多人的心理健康。

Stress!
When faced with a stressful situation, everyone reacts differently. Your background, social support from family or friends, financial situation, health and emotional background, the community you live in, and a variety of other factors all play a role. The most vulnerable people are the ones who are most stressed.
And it causes the following:
Fear and worry about your own and your loved ones' health.
Sleep or eating habits that have changed.
Chronic health problems are getting worse.
Tobacco, alcohol, and other substances are being used more frequently.
Mental health problems are getting worse.
And we have also seen that there is a spike in suicidal rates during this pandemic. Social isolation, anxiety, fear of infection, uncertainty, chronic stress, and financial difficulties are all factors that people face. Stress-related disorders and suicidality may develop or worsen as a result of a lack of food.
We simply never know what someone is going through...all you can do is be kind and show empathy for others...it costs nothing. Give them moral support, talk to them, and don't judge or mock them for their flaws or fears.
People who have a CoVid infection should not be shunned or judged. Remember that they require attention and care. Inform them of any precautions they should take, as well as how to seek medical help if necessary.

压力!
当面临压力的时候，每个人的反应都不一样。你的背景、来自家庭或朋友的社会支持、财务状况、健康和情感背景、你所居住的社区以及其他各种因素都在起作用。最脆弱的人就是压力最大的人。
并导致以下情况。
●对自己和亲人的健康感到恐惧和担心。
●睡眠或饮食习惯发生了变化。
●慢性健康问题越来越严重。
●烟草、酒精和其他物质的使用更加频繁。
●心理健康问题越来越严重。
而且我们还看到，在这场大流行中，自杀率激增。社会隔离、焦虑、对感染的恐惧、未来的不确定性、长期压力和经济困难都是人们面临的因素。与压力有关的疾病和自杀行为可能会因为缺乏食物而发展或恶化。
●我们根本不知道某人正在经历什么......你所能做的就是对他人友善，表现出同情心......这不需要任何代价。给予他们精神上的支持，与他们交谈，不要因为他们的缺陷或恐惧而评判或嘲弄他们。
●患有CoVid的人不应该被回避或被评判。记住，他们需要关注和照顾。告知他们应该采取的任何预防措施，以及必要时如何寻求医疗帮助。

Sharing is caring; Recognize when someone in your immediate vicinity requires assistance, food, or other necessities. Be open to sharing.
"Minding your mind " is important
Make connections with your friends, family, and coworkers.
Remove yourself from fake news.
Exercise regularly, eat and drink well, and sleep well.
Practice meditation,pranayamas.
Enjoy yourself.
Be good.
Be happy.
& Believe in yourself.
Thank you:)

分享就是关爱：认识到你周围的人何时需要援助、食物或其他必需品。要乐于分享。
"用心"很重要
●与你的朋友、家人和同事建立联系。
●让自己远离假新闻。
●定期锻炼，吃好喝好，睡好。
●练习冥想，调息。
●享受自己。
做个好人。
要开心。
相信自己。
谢谢：)