QA：年轻教师比年长教师更好吗?

John Davis
As a veteran educator with nearly 20 years in the classroom, I’ve seen the merits of new and experienced teachers: New teachers (often young ones) are generally more passionate, eager, and open-minded about methodology. Their embrace of technology and programming is somewhat the result of naïveté combined with a desire to be the very best. After a few years (or less) of pouring their very soul into students and subject matter, they begin to develop a more detached or obxtive view of the profession. Not jaded, necessarily, just less enthusiastic. Many quit. A rare few of us are able to keep the gung-ho mentality we began with on day one. We keep developing ourselves professionally, we keep up with developing trends and tech, and we mentor younger teachers to refresh our spirit. These experienced (usually older) teachers have figured out how to pick which battles, how to handle difficult parents and students, and how to incorporate fun without burning ourselves out. So, the big answer here is, it depends on the individual (younger or older) teacher. You might have an experienced educator who still loves and thrives in the classroom, and you could just as easily get a young teacher who only went into education to have “three months off” (ha!) in the summer. So no, younger teachers aren’t necessarily “better” than older ones, but they could seem more “with-it” if judging by pop-culture knowledge or similar nonessential traits.
 
作为一名有近20年教学经验的资深教育家，我看到了新教师和有经验教师的优点: 新老师(通常是年轻的)通常对教学方法更有激情，更热心，更开放。他们对技术和编程的接受在某种程度上是天真与成为最好的渴望相结合的结果。经过几年(或更短的时间)，他们将自己的灵魂倾注到学生和主题中，他们开始对这个职业形成一种更超然或更客观的看法。不一定是厌倦，只是不那么热情了。很多人辞职了。我们中很少有人能够保持一开始的充满热情的心态。我们不断发展自己的专业，我们跟上发展的趋势和技术，我们指导年轻的教师使我们精神振奋。这些经验丰富(通常较年长)的老师知道如何选择冲突，如何处理难相处的家长和学生，以及如何在不耗尽精力的情况下获得乐趣。所以，最重要的答案是，这取决于教师个人(年轻或年长的)。你可能有一位经验丰富的教育家，他仍然热爱并在课堂上茁壮成长，你也可以很容易地让一个只进入教育行业的年轻教师在夏天有“三个月的假期”(哈!)。所以，不，年轻的老师不一定比年长的老师“更好”，但从流行文化知识或类似的非必要特征来看，他们似乎更“懂”。
 
Alisa Boyd
Oh, those young teachers, fresh out of college! They’re cute! They’re full of energy! They’re passionate! They’re perky! Did I mention cute? Surely they’re better teachers than the old, worn-out models inhabiting sections of the school building.
 
噢，那些刚从大学毕业的年轻老师!他们好可爱！他们精力充沛！他们充满激情!他们自信满满！我提到可爱了吗? 他们当然比老教师更好，老教师就像居住在学校建筑里的破旧模型。
 
Unfortunately, it’s a myth that those youthful, energetic, cute young teachers are superior. Why then, does it seem that school districts prefer them?
 
很遗憾，人们都认为那些年轻、精力充沛、可爱的年轻老师更优秀。那么，为什么学区似乎更喜欢他们呢?
 
#1. They’re cheap. A teacher with only a Bachelor’s and no experience costs far less than one with a Master’s and 15 years’ experience.
 
# 1.他们便宜。一名只有学士学位且无经验的教师的成本远低于一名拥有硕士学位且有15年经验的教师。
 
#2. They’re more easily bullied by the district because they don’t have tenure. Until you achieve tenure, you can be terminated for any reason or NO reason. Your contract just isn’t renewed, no explanations needed. (BTW, “tenure” means you have achieved the right to due process—it’s not a lifelong guarantee of a job).
 
＃2. 他们更容易被辖区欺负因为他们没有任期限制。在你获得终身职位之前，你可能会无缘无故地被解雇。你的合同没有续签，不需要解释。(顺便说一句，任期”的意思是你获得了正当程序的权利——它并不是一份终身工作的保证)。
 
#3. They’re cute. Well, at least they’re young, and our society clearly demonstrates a preference for youth. The last principal I worked for had a habit of hiring his relatives or attractive young women. There was a definite pattern. Unless he needed a coach, he hired a cute young thing. We had a damn fine looking faculty, especially because he tended to keep us old fuddy duddies behind the scenes.
 
# 3.他们很可爱。好吧，至少他们还年轻，而且我们的社会清楚地显示出了对年轻人的偏好。我工作过的上一个校长习惯雇佣他的亲戚或漂亮的年轻女性。有一个明确的模式。除非他需要教练，他雇了个小帅哥。我们有个帅呆了的教员，尤其是因为他，总是让我们这些老古董躲在幕后。
 
The hard truth is that really good teachers realize they’re incompetent after they’ve had about 5 years of experience. Everything changes then. I’ve known some who’ve thrown out everything they’d used and started completely fresh. That’s when real professional growth begins. Each year is a refinement of what went before it. Some years are fine-tuning years; others are let’s-hold-a-big-bonfire years (or wipe the electronic files). You move from consciously incompetent (that’s that first year teacher) to unconsciously incompetent (that’s years 2 - approximately 5) back to consciously incompetent (a couple of years) to consciously competent (this is a long stretch, maybe the rest of your career) to unconsciously competent if you’re incredibly talented.
 
残酷的事实是，真正优秀的教师在有了大约5年的经验后才意识到自己不称职。然后一切都变了。我认识一些人，他们扔掉了所有用过所有的东西，重新开始。这才是真正的职业发展的开始。每一年都是对过去的改进。有些年份是微调年; 其他年份则是“让我们举行一场盛大的篝火晚会”的年份(或“消除电子文件”)。你从“自觉不称职”(当了第一年的老师)到“无意识不称职”(当了2年，大约5年)，再回到“自觉不称职”(当了几年)，再到“自觉胜任”(这是一段很长的时间，可能是你职业生涯剩下的时间)，最后是“无意识胜任”(如果你非常有天赋的话)。
 
Are there exceptions? Of course. I’ve seen youngsters reach consciously competent after just three or four years; I’ve seen oldsters who are still unconsciously incompetent. In general, though, the development of a teacher’s craft takes years, just as it does with any other craft. But that’s the subject for another question, “Is teaching an art, a science, or a craft?”
 
凡是都有例外？当然。我看到过年轻人在三四年后就能有意识地胜任; 我见过一些老人们无意识中仍然无能。不过，一般来说，一项教师技能的发展需要多年的时间，就像其他任何技能一样。但这是另一个问题的主题，“教学是一门艺术，一门科学，还是一门手艺?”
 
Reb Ourner
I´ve seen young teachers bullied and taken advantage of by students.
Older teachers have more knowledge, more experience, and can better handle the room.
 
我见过年轻教师被学生欺负和利用。
年纪大的教师有更多的知识，更多的经验，可以更好地掌控课堂。
 
Rich Kern
Well, this could cause a debate! I would say that in any job, experience matters. Experience give background in areas universities can’t teach. Discipline, educational strategies and classroom management come from being in classroom with real students. On the other hand, a school does need youth. Their energy and enthusiasm help invigorate a school.
 
这可能会引起争论! 我想说，在任何工作中，经验都很重要。在大学无法教授的领域，经验提供了背景。纪律、教育策略和课堂管理来自于与真正的学生在课堂上。另一方面，学校确实需要年轻人。他们的精力和热情使学校充满活力。
 
Joanne Serin
As a group, I don’t think they’re better or worse. A big plus is that they have been raised with technology and are, therefore, more competent and at ease with it. I ’m an excellent teacher, but Zooming and other technology I’ve tried to learn this year in order to substitute online really overwhelms me. On the other hand, they are inexperienced and just need more time and practice to hone their abilities.
 
作为一个群体，我不认为他们更好或更差。一个很大的好处是，他们是在科技中长大的，因此更有能力，也更能适应科技。我是一个优秀的老师，但是zoom和其他我今年为了上网课而尝试学习的技术真的让我不知所措。
（译注：Zoom是一款多人云视频会议软件，为用户提供兼备高清视频会议与移动网络会议功能的免费云视频通话服务。用户可通过手机、平板电脑、PC与工作伙伴进行多人视频及语音通话、屏幕分享、会议预约管理等商务沟通。）
 
Ruth Watin
Yes and No.
 
是也不是
 
Yes older teachers are better than younger teachers because they can simplify the subject matter and can make the students understand by using the simplest methods. They know many and better techniques. Their experience allow them to gather as may resources as possible that they can share to their students.
 
是的，年长的老师比年轻的老师更好，因为他们可以简化科目，可以让学生用最简单的方法理解。他们知道许多更好的技巧。他们的经验使他们能够收集尽可能多的资源，以便与学生分享。
 
A no because older teachers are not that knowlegeable about modern gadgets(except for a few). They can no longer follow the train of thought of the younger generation because of age gap. Experiences of the teachers of the past no longer match with the experiences of the younger generation thereby they may misundertand the ways of the young and become easily irritated with them.
 
说不是，是因为年长的老师对现代工具的知识并不多(除了少数)。由于年龄差距，他们不能再跟随年轻一代的思路。过去老师的经验不再与年轻一代的经验相匹配，因此他们可能会误解年轻人的方式，很容易对他们生气。
 
Young teachers lack experience. They tend to make subject matters difficult. They may have the knowledge but their lack of experience would hinder them in making their students understand better. So better look for a young teacher with experience rather than one without experience because it really matters in the teaching and learning process. This is my opinion.
 
年轻教师缺乏经验。他们往往使科目变得困难。他们可能有知识，但他们缺乏经验会阻碍他们让学生更好地理解。所以最好找一个有经验的年轻老师，而不是没有经验的，因为这在教学和学习过程中真的很重要。这就是我的看法。
 
Dania Khelfa
I wouldn’t say better when comparing teachers who are young to those who are older. Both bring forth advantages and disadvantages when looking at what they have to offer students.
 
在比较年轻的老师和年长的老师时，我不会说谁更好。当看到他们所提供给学生的东西时，两者都有优点和缺点。
 
As an advantage, younger teachers are more aware of current social cues and thus can relate more easily to the generation that they are teaching in terms of sharing content knowledge and expectations.
 
作为一个优势，年轻的教师更了解当前的社会线索，因此可以更容易地与他们所教的一代人在分享内容、知识和期望方面联系起来。
 
However, one notable disadvantage is that younger teachers may not earn the respect of their students if the students see the teacher to be just like them. The students may not value what this teacher has to offer them. The line between educator and friend may be blurred to the point that students don’t take what this teacher has to offer seriously.
 
然而，一个明显的缺点是，如果学生认为年轻的老师和他们一样，他们可能不会赢得学生的尊重。学生们可能不重视这位老师所提供的东西。教育者和朋友之间的界限可能很模糊，以至于学生们不会认真对待老师所提供的东西。
 
On the other hand, students will see the older teacher as having more knowledge due to their years and may value what the teacher has to offer if the students are serious about what they are studying. If students find that what the teacher has to offer is of no use to their current generation then there could be a lack of interest on the part of the students since the students will deem this teacher too hard to relate to.
 
另一方面，学生会认为年长的老师拥有更多的知识，如果学生认真学习的话，他们可能会看重老师所提供的东西。如果学生发现老师提供的东西对他们这代人没有用处，那么学生可能会缺乏兴趣，因为学生会认为这个老师太难相处。
 
Whether young or old, the teacher has to be relatable to the students in order for them to value what the teacher has to offer on content knowledge and expectations in society. Therefore an older teacher would need to be able to keep up with technology and the social cues to the current generations, so that younger students can’t get one over on the teacher!
 
无论是年轻的还是年老的，教师必须能与学生产生共鸣，这样他们才能重视教师所提供的内容、知识和社会期望。因此，年长的老师需要能够跟上现代科技和社会线索，这样年轻的学生就不会超过老师!
 
When it comes down to it, students learn more from teachers they like and can relate to irregardless of whether the teacher is old or young.
 
归根结底，无论老师是老还是年轻，学生们都能从他们喜欢的老师那里学到更多东西，并能产生共鸣。
 
Candace Barnhouser
Better in what particular way? They have more energy and enthusiasm and often do not have children yet so those factors are pluses. They do not have experiences in the complexity of the job and have not learned about all the behavior challenges yet. Becoming a teacher and doing the job is like forging iron into steel. It is a very difficult job and the demands are draining. You go in with a well written less and then the day happens. Some days go as planned but often there are behavior issues, at any age of student. Kindergarten sounds so happy and sweet but you are taking children who have had all kinds of experiences and pull them together as a class. You have to create the school and classroom boundaries and create a team or family that can function together. Some children resist and act out and test you, as a teacher…at any age. The point of this is that a young teacher does not expect this and they have to learn to find their power and use just enough to keep going forward with the lesson. The truth is some of their power is ignoring behavior designed to disrupt instruction. So preparing to instruct and what actually happens and regrouping and developing to adapt and keeping the tests and grades up to date is the FORGE. As it turns out many young teachers to not continue the career. It is too demanding and eats your life and the frustration can overcome great intentions. BUT if you are made of the right stuff you will learn and grow and will become a powerful, yet exhausted teacher.
 
在什么方面更好? 他们有更多的精力和热情，而且通常还没有孩子，所以这些因素是有利的。他们没有经历过复杂的工作，也没有了解所有的行为挑战。成为一名教师并做好这份工作就像把铁锻造成钢。这是一项非常困难的工作，要求非常高。你写得很好，然后一天就发生了。有些日子按计划进行，但通常任何年龄的学生都会有行为问题。幼儿园听起来是那么的快乐和甜蜜，但是你把那些有各种经历的孩子放在一个班级里。你必须创造学校和教室的界限，创造一个可以一起工作的团队或家庭。在任何年龄……有些孩子会表现出来反抗，测试你作为一个老师的底线。重点是，一个年轻的老师不会期望这样，他们必须学会找到自己的权力，并使用足够的权力来让课堂继续。事实是，他们的一些权力是忽视那些旨在扰乱指令的行为。因此，准备指导和实际发生的事情，重组和开发，以适应和保持测试和成绩更新是”锻造”。 事实证明，许多年轻教师不再继续自己的职业生涯。它要求太高，吞噬了你的生活，挫折会打败你伟大的意图。但如果你是正确的材料，你会不断学习和成长，最终成为一个强大的人，然而,也会催生疲惫的老师。
 
As far as older teachers I can only refer to my experiences. Teaching is the same behavior but content and goals are ever evolving. Older teachers have turned to steel and have come to terms with the demands of the career but the expectations are always changing. Instructional goals and ways to do it remain moving targets. Older teachers can’t reuse lessons year after year so they are adapting all the time. In my state of MD. you are required to earn a Master’s Degree or comparable number of advanced college credits to remain certified within 10 years. Further you have to continue taking college courses throughout your career. When I retired I had my Master’s Degree plus thirty other college credits. That is how older teachers stay up to date with material and new theories and applications that young teachers get.
 
至于老教师，我只能参考我的经验。教学是同样的行为，但内容和目标是不断变化的。年长的教师已经变得坚强起来，并与职业的要求达成了协议，但期望总是在变化。指导性目标和实现它的方法仍然是能动目标。年长的教师不能年复一年地重复使用课程，所以他们一直在适应。在我所在的马里兰州。你需要获得硕士学位或同等的高等学校学分，以保持在10年内获得认证。此外，在你的职业生涯中，你必须继续学习大学课程。当我退休时，我已经获得了硕士学位和30个其他大学学分。这就是老教师如何跟上年轻教师获得的资料、新理论和应用。
 
My conclusion to your question is neither and both. The truth is the best teachers are those who work on a team with a variety of people. Young teachers bring their enthusiasm and ideals and energy. The rest bring to the table what they have learned through time and experiences. TOGETHER they form a team of the best teachers.
 
对于你的问题，我的结论是两者都不是。事实上，最好的老师是那些和各种各样的人一起工作的老师。青年教师带来了他们的热情、理想和活力。其余的人则把他们从时间和经验中学到的东西摆到桌面上。他们一起组成了一个由最好的老师组成的团队。
 
Kathleen Crader
In some ways yes, in others an older, experienced teacher is better. Younger teachers bring an enthusiasm and the latest techniques and technology to their teaching. Experienced teachers bring that experience, knowledge of presentation techniques that are effective in teaching students well.
 
在某些方面，是的，在其他方面，一个年长的，有经验的老师更好。年轻的教师给他们的教学带来了热情和最新的技术和技巧。有经验的教师带来有效地教学生的经验，知识的演示技巧。
 
Joanne Vicente
No, but older teachers aren’t better than younger ones, either. There are many things that make a teacher good or bad, and age is rarely one of them.
 
不，但是年长的老师也不比年轻的老师好。决定一个老师好坏的因素有很多，年龄很少是其中之一。