QA问答：迄今为止发现的最迷人的古代文物、城市或遗迹是什么?
What are the most fascinating ancient artifacts or cities, ruins ever discovered?
译文简介
网友：一把中国古代的剑。勾践剑，有2400年的历史。这把剑的主人勾践是大约公元前490年春秋时期的越王。这把剑是1965年在湖北省荆州的一座坟墓中发现的。它由铜和锡制成，虽然在地下已经保存了24个世纪，但它看起来还是全新的......
正文翻译
回答一：
Victor Zhang, studied Biology and Medicine & Architecture at Huazhong University of Science and Technology
upxed November 6, 2017 · Upvoted by Yao Zhan, Masters History, La Trobe University (1997)
A ancient Chinese sword. Sword of Goujia, a sword which was made 2400 years. Its master, Goujian, was the king of Yue around 490 BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. The sword was found in a tomb in Jingzhou, Hubei province, in 1965. It is made from copper and tin and looks brand new though it has endured 24 centuries under the earth. It is so sharp that can easily cut 16 layer of paper. The sword is a Category I Historical Relic. You can go to Wuhan and visit Hubei Museum to see it. By the way, the other things in that museum will shock you as well.（1.1K）
一把中国古代的剑。勾践剑，有2400年的历史。这把剑的主人勾践是大约公元前490年春秋时期的越王。这把剑是1965年在湖北省荆州的一座坟墓中发现的。它由铜和锡制成，虽然在地下已经保存了24个世纪，但它看起来还是全新的。它非常锋利，可以很容易地切割16层纸。这把剑是一级文物。你可以去武汉，去湖北博物馆看看。顺便说一下，博物馆里的其他东西也会让你震惊。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
upxed November 6, 2017 · Upvoted by Yao Zhan, Masters History, La Trobe University (1997)
A ancient Chinese sword. Sword of Goujia, a sword which was made 2400 years. Its master, Goujian, was the king of Yue around 490 BC, during the Spring and Autumn period. The sword was found in a tomb in Jingzhou, Hubei province, in 1965. It is made from copper and tin and looks brand new though it has endured 24 centuries under the earth. It is so sharp that can easily cut 16 layer of paper. The sword is a Category I Historical Relic. You can go to Wuhan and visit Hubei Museum to see it. By the way, the other things in that museum will shock you as well.（1.1K）
一把中国古代的剑。勾践剑，有2400年的历史。这把剑的主人勾践是大约公元前490年春秋时期的越王。这把剑是1965年在湖北省荆州的一座坟墓中发现的。它由铜和锡制成，虽然在地下已经保存了24个世纪，但它看起来还是全新的。它非常锋利，可以很容易地切割16层纸。这把剑是一级文物。你可以去武汉，去湖北博物馆看看。顺便说一下，博物馆里的其他东西也会让你震惊。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
图
评论翻译
很赞 ( 5 )
收藏
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
Is that the scabbard, or the blade is exposed?
这是剑鞘吗，还是直接就是暴露的剑刃？
No scabbard,it is exposed.
没有剑鞘，就是暴露的剑刃。
But according to the video provided by Mark Mou, the sword was sheathed, and the commentator mentioned that this was one of the main reason that the sword was preserved so well.
但根据Mark Mou提供的视频，这把剑是有鞘的，评论员提到这是这把剑保存得如此完好的主要原因之一。
Blade itself, scabbard already removed when displayed.
这只是剑刃本身，剑鞘在展示时已经拿走了。
Alloys of copper and tin are usually referred to as bronze.It was used throughout a lot of the ancient world and displaced by iron primarily because iron was much cheaper, not because it was better. At least not until hundreds of years of improvement in ironmaking technologies.
铜和锡的合金通常称为青铜。青铜在古代被广泛使用，后来被铁取代，主要是因为铁更便宜，而不是因为铁更好。至少在炼铁技术进步之前的数百年间是这样的。
Tin is rather rare. The only main sources historically were Certain locations in India, Cyprus, Southern Spain and southern Britain
锡是相当罕见的。历史上唯一的主要来源是印度、塞浦路斯、西班牙南部和英国南部的某些地区。
It is an artifact of great beauty and mystery. Part of me wants to know how such a weapon was made but the other part of me wants to preserve the mystique.For me, the most interesting artifact is probably a metal calculator found in the sea off Antikythera.It's reckoned to be 2000 years old and allows the user to make very sophisticated astronomical calculations, well beyond the limits of the assumed technology and knowledge of its time.
Clearly, our understanding of human sophistication is challenged by the Antikythera Device. It continues to surprise the experts as more detail is revealed by today's improved scanning - the Device is rusted solid.
这是一件美丽而神秘的工艺品。我一方面想知道这样的武器是怎么制造出来的，另一方面又想保持神秘感。对我来说，最有趣的工艺品可能是在安提基西拉附近海域发现的金属计算器。据估计，它已经有2000年的历史了，使用者可以进行非常复杂的天文计算，远远超出了当时假定的技术和知识的限制。很明显，安提基西拉这个设备挑战了我们对人类智慧的理解。随着今天先进的扫描技术揭示出更多的细节，专家们继续感到惊讶——这个设备是生锈的固体。
“It is so sharp that can easily cut 16 layer of paper.” Is there video evidence of that?
“它是如此锋利，可以很容易地切割16层纸。“有视频证据吗?”
Great first answer, man! Welcome!
第一个回答很好，伙计，欢迎光临！
It is a bronze sword.the main material is bronze,iron can be almost neglect.
这是一把青铜剑，主要材料是青铜，铁几乎可以忽略。
I believe it is a marriage of metals, one of which is bronze.
我认为这把剑是金属混合物，其中之一是青铜。
Bronze is an alloy, not a metal
青铜是合金，不是金属。
Thanks Victor, interesting story, looks like it was a ceremonial sword, or was it used in battle? By the way, you say it’s made of copper and tin, true but that’s called bronze, just saying.
谢谢，Victor，有趣的故事，这把剑看起来像是一把仪式用的剑，还是在战斗中使用的？顺便说一下，你说它是用铜和锡做的，没错，但那叫青铜，我只是说一下。
I think it was a ceremonial sword,because it was a king’s sword.
我认为这是一把仪式用的剑，因为它是国王的剑。
Beautiful. I did not think that anything like that would survive in that condition.
太美了，我没想到那样的东西能在那种情况下存活下来。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
That colour looks like meteorite steel
那种颜色看起来像陨铁。
How did it survive in such pristine condition?
它是如何在如此原始的环境中保存下来的?
Bronze generally ages quite well. Unlike Iron/Steel which corrodes quite quickly.
青铜的年代一般都很久远。不像钢铁腐蚀得很快。
Copper and Tin I think makes bronze. Not unique in that time frx.
我想铜和锡可以制成青铜，这在那个时代并不罕见。
Dude that is fucking dope
伙计，这太他喵的酷了。
Not to diminish the sword, but I’m more inclined to mention Angkor Wat, Machu Picchu and Pompeii as utterly fascinating. ;)
我不是要贬低剑，但我更倾向于提到吴哥窟（柬埔寨）、马丘比丘（古城，位于秘鲁中部偏南）和庞贝（意大利那不勒斯古城），它们都是非常迷人的。
That is amazing. I wonder if it is ceremonial and if it is as large as it looks ?I thought the men of that era were of a smaller stature.
太让人惊讶了。我想知道这把剑是否像看起来的那么大？我认为那个时代的男人都是身材矮小的。
Really amazing sword
真正神奇的剑。
回答二：
What fascinate me most are ancient Chinese afterlife facilities (明器).Many already know that we Chinese are an ancestor worshipping race. We believe (not very seriously) that our deads have an afterlife. To help the newly dead settle down in another world, we usually burn them lots of paper money and paper-made facilities such as house, car, TV set, computer, iPhone. Those would, as we believe, turn into real things in their world.
It's said that Emperor Qinshihuang has a copy of his entire empire in his vast tomb, which contains a sun and a moon, mountains and rivers, villages and cities, subjects and soldiers. Now only a tiny group of soldiers have been evacuated. These soldiers are earthenware.For the common deads, they certainly wouldn't enjoy such grandeur, but most of them could afford an earthen property. A well made earthen property would contain a house, a courtyard, a barn, a toilet, a pigsty, a dog house, a chicken house, etc. Many of these have been unearthed and exhibited at museums around the world.
最吸引我的是中国古代的来世器具（明器）。许多人已经知道我们中国人是一个祖先崇拜的种族。我们相信（不是真的相信）我们的死者有来生。为了帮助新死者在另一个世界定居下来，我们通常烧给他们很多纸钱和纸造的器具，如房子、汽车、电视、电脑、iPhone。正如我们所相信的那样，这些将在他们的世界里变成真实的东西。
然而，在大规模生产纸张之前的那些时期呢？难道我们不太关心我们所爱的人来世的幸福吗？当然不是。在纸质物品流行之前，人们用陶器来给他们的尸体陪葬。据说秦始皇在他巨大的陵墓里有他整个帝国的复制品，里面有太阳和月亮、山川和河流、村庄和城市、臣民和士兵。现在只有一小群士兵被发掘，这些士兵是陶器。
对于普通死者来说，他们当然不能享受这样的奢华陪葬，但他们中的大多数人都能负担得起一个陶制器具。这些制作精良的陶器包括房子、庭院、谷仓、厕所、猪圈、狗舍、鸡舍等等。其中许多已经出土，并在世界各地的博物馆展出。
1. The pigsty is connected to the toilet, so pigs can feed on human excrement. As disgusting as that.
1. 我从网上找到一些照片，看起来像可爱的玩具。猪圈与厕所相连，所以猪可以吃人的粪便，想着就恶心。
2. This is a mansion.
2. 这是一座豪宅。
3. 这只狗看起来多开心啊！
4. 这是亡者在过世后渡过血河池的船，这样他就不用渡过奈何桥，也不用喝会让他失去今生所有的记忆孟婆汤。
5. 这是个羊圈，羊看起来很胖。
6. 这是一个猪圈。
回复：
I had thought the Chinese character was 冥器 instead of 明器, until just now I saw your answer.I looked it up and turned out you are right and I was wrong. Thanks for correcting me a mistake lasted for more than 40 years!
我之前认为这些器具的汉字是冥器而不是明器，直到刚才我看见你的回答。我查了一下，发现你是对的，我错了。谢谢你纠正了我一个持续了40多年的错误！
Oh, I think 冥器 makes more sense. It might be for the sake of sounding good that people would rather write 明 instead of 冥, like they also like to call 丧事 白喜事.
哦，我想冥器更合理。也许是为了听起来更好，人们宁愿写成“明”而不是“冥”，他们也喜欢把丧事叫做“白喜事”。
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处
That makes sense. ^^
有道理。
Nice post.I have burned many piles of “money” in Taiwan along with all of the necessities of life one will need in the great beyond.Everyone woman needs a stylish purse with high heels
And who wants to get caught on the other side of the great divide without a laptop!
It all seems a bit strange to me as a Westerner. My wife was raised Buddhist in Taiwan and although she does not practice Buddhism anymore (we are both atheists), she still feels a need to hedge her bets and burn “money” and other goods so that her mother might have a nice afterlife.I see it as a money machine for the Temples, but such practices can be found in every religion.
我在台湾烧过很多堆“钱”，以及一个人在来世所需要的生活必需品。每个女人都需要一套时尚的高跟鞋和包。
谁会想在另一个世界没有一台笔记本电脑呢！
作为一个西方人，这一切对我来说有点奇怪。我的妻子在台湾受佛教教育长大，虽然她现在不信佛了（我们都是无神论者），但她仍然觉得有必要对冲她的赌注（宁可信其有），烧钱和其他物品，以便她的母亲能有一个美好的来世。我认为这些东西是寺庙的赚钱机器，但这种做法在每个宗教中都可以找到。
It is more like a tradition.
这更像是一种传统。
Those animals look so amazingly lively.
那些动物看上去真活泼。
That was interesting. Thank you
这些很有趣，谢谢你。
I was watching documentary on the china’s newly discovered pyramids which are built as tomb for emperors similar to Egyptian pyramid which made quite contrevorsy being of same time.Since not many knows how Egyptians built those structures in middle of desert wouldn't it be great if this also Asian influence like all many great things Asian civilization given to the world.
我在看关于中国新发现的金字塔的纪录片，这些金字塔是为皇帝建造的，类似于埃及的金字塔，这引起了很大的争议。因为没有多少人知道埃及人是如何在沙漠中建造这些建筑的，如果埃及金字塔也像亚洲文明给世界带来的许多伟大的东西一样，也对亚洲产生了影响，那不是很棒吗？
Re: “To help the newly dead settle down in another world, we usually burn them lots of paper money and paper-made facilities such as house, car, TV set, computer, iPhone. Those would, as we believe, turn into real things in their world.”
Just wondering…My dad has a stash of 3 houses, 3 Mercedes, 2 BMWs, 2 iPhones, 3 Samsungs, 3 laptops, 1 violin, over the years. I often wonder how he manages such abundance?
“为了帮助新死者在另一个世界定居下来，我们通常烧给他们很多纸钱和纸造的器具，如房子、汽车、电视、电脑、iPhone。正如我们所相信的那样，这些将在他们的世界里变成真实的东西。”只是想知道……这些年来，我爸爸有3栋房子、3辆奔驰、2辆宝马、2部iphone、3部三星、3台笔记本电脑、1把小提琴。我常常纳闷，他是怎么弄到这么多钱的？
We only burnt a house, some horses, a little boat, a Honda and an iPhone for my dad. So your dad is a definitely rich guy in their world now.
我们只烧了一栋房子、几匹马、一条小船、一辆本田车和我爸爸的一部iPhone。所以在他们的世界里，你爸爸绝对是个有钱人。