白人至上主义者声称，如果不是白人，世界将仍然生活在石器时代。他们还声称，白人带来了开化和现代世界的一切。这是真的？

原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.com 翻译：青丘国的守护者 转载请注明出处

Chris Joosse, You kids get off my lawn
That’s mostly bullshit.
While it is true that a lot of what we take for granted in terms of technological advances over the course of history came from people of European descent, it doesn’t follow that nobody else could have delivered those things, had the Euros not taken up colonialism and genocide when they did.
I’m of mostly European (Dutch, Scandihoovian) extraction, a first-generation American. My folks came to America in 1952, when my dad was eight. I could, if I believed in any of that stuff, call myself ‘as white as it gets’, but I don’t, so I don’t.
In the American context, whiteness is solely a social construct, with fluid and arbitrary parameters and boundaries; not so long ago, when waves of Irish and Italians came to America as immigrants, they weren’t considered fully ‘white’[1] [2]even if they didn’t actually face the full extent of discrimination that people of Native American or African descent did.

基本上都是胡说八道。
诚然，在历史进程中，我们认为理所当然的许多东西来自欧洲后裔。但要是欧洲当时没有殖民主义和种族灭绝的话，也不意味着其他人不能能够提供这些东西。
我主要是欧洲人(荷兰人，斯堪的纳维亚人)的后裔，第一代美国人。1952年，我父亲八岁的时候，我的父母来到了美国。如果我相信其中任何一件白人至上所声称的东西，我可以称自己为“非常纯的白人”，但我不相信，我不认同。
在美国，白色仅仅是一种社会结构，具有流动的、任意的参数和边界；不久前，当大批爱尔兰人和意大利人作为移民来到美国时， 即使他们并没有真正面临过土著美国人或非洲人后裔所遭受的全部歧视，但他们也并没有被认为是完全的“白人”。

Apparently, when the contemporary need to set apart as different was needed, the arbiters of whatever ‘whiteness’ meant at the time were free to designate the Irish and Italians as non-white, at least insofar at it meant putting them outside the boundaries of polite company.
Given this history, it’s probably best to understand whiteness a bit less in terms of skin tone than in terms of belonging to (or passing for belonging to) the dominant social/political/cultural tribe, or at least not being noticeably affiliated with a group explicitly out of it. (tho as a matter of history, exceptions were readily made and not all of the exclusions Africans were subject to, like employment discrimination, violence, etc. were necessarily applied to them)
So okay, if you take up this fluid definition of whiteness and wipe off the Italians and Irish and Jews (and the Arabs, everyone from Asia, Africa, Australia, or the Americas) and every other social or ethnic underdog off the list of contributors to modern greatness, you more or less exclude a sizeable chunk of human progress.
Without Jews, you don’t get Nuclear power or much of Quantum physics (Einstein, Oppenheimer, Heisenberg… more). Without Arabs or semitic peoples, you don’t get decimal number systems or algebra, and Newton wouldn’t have had that to work with to figure out his calculus. Huge portions of modern theoretical physics and engineering owe their successes to the maths developed by long-dead, non-European people.

当然，现在需要对此区分来看，但无论当时“纯正白人”的意思到底是什么，仲裁者都可以自由地将爱尔兰人和意大利人指定为非白人，至少在这意味着将他们置于礼貌交往的范围之外。
考虑到这段历史，从肤色的角度来理解白人血统纯度可能是最好的方法，而不是从属于(或过去属于)占主导地位的社会/政治/文化部落的角度来理解，或者至少不要明显地与一个明显脱离它的群体联系在一起。(历史上，经常出现例外的例子，但并不是所有非洲人都受到排斥，但就业歧视、暴力等标签都必然伴随着他们。)
所以，好吧，如果你用流行的的白人定义，可以把意大利人、爱尔兰人、犹太人(以及阿拉伯人，来自亚洲、非洲、澳大利亚或美洲的人)和其他社会或种族弱势群体从现代伟大贡献者名单中剔除，你或多或少会把人类进步的相当大一部分排除在外。
没有犹太人，你就得不到核能或量子物理学(爱因斯坦、奥本海默、海森堡…)更多)。没有阿拉伯人或犹太民族，你就没有十进制数学系统或代数，牛顿也不会拥有这些来解决他的微积分问题。现代理论物理和工程学的很大一部分都归功于消亡在历史中的非欧洲人发展出来的数学。

It’s true that our history is full of the accomplishments of people of caucasian extraction, but then it’s also true that most of the history books you’ve probably seen were written by people of Caucasian extraction. The winners of history write the books, and they are highly prone to whitewashing the ugly bits from their own histories, including the cases and situations where they outright appropriated others’ work, enslaved others, or committed genocide. Yes, America and Americans did all of these things, and many of these same books appropriate the successes and breakthroughs derived by standing on the shoulders of giants that came before.
So, even though many of the great technological breakthroughs of the Enlightenment are the fruits of much genius and labor on the part of Europeans, it’s relevant to the question to see all that in the context of the moral disaster that was European colonialism. It’s true that Europe contributed Newton, Liebeniz, Van Leowenhoek, Pasteur, Darwin, and more to posterity, but it’s also relevant to note the atrocities on the other side of the ledger. We also ought to account for our Adolf Hitlers, our Joseph Stalins, our Leopold II of Belgiums, the Genocide of indigenous peoples, and for the historical problems that plague us to this day as a consequence.
Yes, Euro folks are credited with a lot of progress, and rightly so. But we didn’t accomplish all of it by ourselves, or without making enormous messes and creating huge collateral problems, which are conveniently assigned to their victims by the same writers of history that credit Europeans for their pluck, ingenuity, and historical dominance.

的确，我们的历史充满了白种人的成就，但你可能看到的大多数历史书都是白人写的。历史是胜利者所书写，他们很容易粉饰自己历史上丑陋的部分，包括他们直接盗用他人作品、奴役他人或犯下种族灭绝的案件和情况。是的，美国和美国人做了所有这些事情，而且许多同样的书都是通过站在以前的巨人的肩膀上而获得的成功和突破。
所以，尽管启蒙运动的许多重大技术突破都是欧洲人的天才想法和劳动的成果，但在欧洲殖民主义的道德灾难背景来看的话，这些所有的天才想法和成果都脱离不了殖民灾难的背景。诚然，欧洲为后世贡献了牛顿、为牛顿、利贝尼兹、范莱欧文霍克、巴斯德、达尔文等人，但也有必要在账本上另一边注释下暴行。我们还应该为我们的阿道夫希特勒、约瑟夫斯大林、我们的比利时利奥波德二世、对土著人民的种族灭绝以及由此困扰我们至今的历史问题负责。
是的，欧洲的人被认为取得了很大的进步，这是正确的。但我们并没有独自完成这一切，因为我们获得这些成就，为此制造出巨大的混乱和巨大的附带问题，这些问题通常都是由同样的历史书写者们造成的，但他们却将其归咎于受害者，而对于欧洲人，确是赞美他们人的勇气、聪明才智和历史统治地位。

————————
Adrian Lee Magill, Video Company President/Artist BA SFU, VFS (diploma), Author
Here are a few things white supremacists need to consider (note I did not say think about because that would be asking too much of them.):

以下是一些白人至上主义者需要思考的问题(注意，我没有说要思考，因为这会让他们脑子不够用)：

The earliest archaeological discoveries say that the Chinese were the first to create paper, ferment alcohol, use printing, millet cultivation, use triangle plowshares, wet field cultivation and a host of modern day innovations. List of Chinese inventions - Wikipedia

最早的考古发现表明，中国人首先创造了纸张、发酵酒精、印刷、小米种植、三角犁、湿田栽培和一系列现代创新。中国发明名录-维基百科
原创翻译：龙腾网 http://www.ltaaa.cn 转载请注明出处

Africa is the birthplace of all humanity (although white racists cannot admit this to themselves) as well as the birthplace of the CT scan, the retinal cryoprobe, mathematics, some the earliest known medical procedures (well before Europe) for dental work, bone setting and skin grafting, and even speech itself, which science tells us emerged somewhere in sub- Saharan Africa. 12 African Inventions That Changed the World - Atlanta Black Star

非洲是全人类的诞生地(尽管白人种族主义者自己不能承认这一点)，也是CT扫描、视网膜冷冻探针、数学的诞生地，一些最早的医学程序(早在欧洲之前就知道了)用于牙科工作、植骨和植皮，甚至原始语言，科学告诉我们在撒哈拉以南非洲的某个地方出现了。改变世界的12项非洲发明-亚特兰大黑星（链接）

India was first to come up with the plough, innovations in metallurgy, J Sharp and Jojo programming languages, shampoo and microwave communication. List of Indian inventions and discoveries - Wikipedia

印度首先发明了犁、冶金技术、J Sharp和Jojo编程语言、洗发水和微波通信。印度发明和发现清单-维基百科
（译注：J Sharp和Kojo是编程语言）

Japan is home to many martial arts, media and video game technologies, methamphetamine and several innovations in the space race. I also happen to have had the honour of teaching English to one of the world’s foremost experts in bionics and nanotechnology. List of Japanese inventions and discoveries - Wikipedia

日本拥有许多武术、媒体和电子游戏技术、甲基苯丙胺以及空间竞赛中的一些创新。我还有幸向世界上最顶尖的仿生学和纳米技术专家教授英语。日本发明和发现清单-维基百科

Native Americans invented bunk beds, had medicinal uses for over 2,500 plant species and are known to have contributed to various forms of pest control. Native American contributions - Wikipedia

美洲土著人发明了双层床，有超过2500种植物的药用用途，并且已知对各种形式的虫害控制作出了贡献。美洲土著人的贡献-维基百科

Some famous black innovators and activists:
Madame C.J. Walker - The first African American millionaire and entrepreneur/philanthropist: Created beauty products
George Alcorn: Inventor of the Imaging X Ray Spectrometer
Benjamin Banneker: Made America’s first clock
Dr. Patricia Bath: Invented the Laserphaco probe for eye surgery
Otis Boykin: Invented a resistor that was used in pacemakers, computer components and other items used in everyday life.

一些著名的黑人创新者和活动家：
C.J.沃克夫人-第一位非裔美国百万富翁和企业家/慈善家：创造美容产品
乔治·奥尔康：成像X射线光谱仪的发明者
本杰明·班纳克：创造了美国第一个时钟
帕特里夏·巴斯博士：发明了用于眼科手术的激光探测仪
奥蒂斯·博伊金：发明了一种电阻，用于起搏器、电脑部件和日常生活中的其他物品。
著名黑人发明家维基百科

Famous Black Inventors
I could go on, but it occurs to me that white supremacists are not accustomed to this much written word and three of their five brain cells might just go into meltdown if I continue.
To the rest of us I will state the obvious: We are all on this planet together and each of us, regardless of ethnicity, religion, sexual or gender orientation, have something to offer that is no better or worse than what the next person is sharing. No matter who you are, if you have the courage to share what you have with the world, we all owe you a debt of thanks.
I hope this helps.

我可以继续下去，但我突然意识到白人至上主义者可能不习惯这么多的文字，如果我继续下去，他们五个脑细胞中的三个可能会崩溃。
对于其他人，我想说一句显而易见的话：我们都在这个星球上，我们每个人，无论种族、宗教、性取向或性别取向，都可以提供一些不比下一个人分享的东西更好或更差的东西。无论你是谁，如果你有勇气与世界分享你所拥有的，我们都欠你一份感激之情。
就酱，我希望这些能帮到你。

———————————
Tim Holmes
“The world would still be living in the Stone Age.”
Possible, but hardly likely and certainly not ‘would still be’ in a blanket statement. At best this is a an extreme Trans-cultural diffusion - Wikipedia adherent philosophical position, here of an extreme chauvinist. First thing you would have to take the position of white being caucasian (many caucasians hardly look white, but their body structures are within the grouping).
Also I recall that in the Japanese island of Kyushu, there were large fishing villages of perhaps 10,000 people some 10,000 years ago. Many advancements did come from Far East (Asia), so it stands that they would have eventually developed metal tools without any European contributions. Certainly the population mass was enough and many domesticated animals are also from there (unlike in the Americas).

“世界仍将生活在石器时代。”？？
有可能，但也不太可能——当然也不会在一个笼统的声明中“仍然存在”。充其量这是一个极端跨文化传播-维基百科，从哲学立场来说，这是极端沙文主义者。首先，你必须把白人的身份定位搞清楚(许多高加索人看上去几乎不像白人，但他们的身体结构在这个分组内)。
我还记得，在日本的九州岛，大约一万年前有大约1万人的大型渔村。许多进步确实来自远东(亚洲)，因此他们最终会在没有任何欧洲贡献的情况下开发金属工具。当然，种群数量是足够的，许多驯养动物也来自那里(和美洲的不同)。

No, as totally non white Chinese were far beyond the West in several extended times in the last 5,000 years. You could think of India and Mesopotamia as caucasian, even Egypt was greatly at times for royalty, but they would not normally meet lily white supremacists standards for white.
A caucasian is not skin color, but body type and characteristics of which skin color is but one of many parts. Besides, it would be brain issues that are the important part, and we have little clear knowledge of that aspect in any professional way. And we are talking about nearly half the human race if you use the larger sense. One could easily say it was all chance.
Much by chance, most white people have had a winning lottery ticket compared to other groups over the last 500 years. This is despite all sorts of calamities, and as a general rule alone of reproduction and with the time/ability to do interesting things with their domains. Supremacists seem to know nothing of such beginnings and care not. I care to avoid them.

在过去的5000年里，完全非白人的中国人在好几个超长的时间段都远远超越了西方。你可以认为印度和美索不达米亚是白种人，甚至有时候埃及的埃及的王室成员，但他们通常不符合百合白人至上主义者对白人的标准。
白种人不是肤色，而是身体的类型和特征，肤色只是其中之一。此外，大脑才是人体最重要的部分，而我们对这方面的任何专业知识都知之甚少。如果你使用更大的意义，我们谈论的是几乎一半的人类。可以很容易地说这都是偶然的。
在过去的500年里，与其他群体相比，大多数白人都有中奖彩票，这在很大程度上是偶然的。尽管有各种各样的灾难，这是一个繁衍的普遍规则，并且有时间/能力专注于他们的领域做有趣的事情。至上主义者似乎对这种开端一无所知，并不关心。所以我想避开他们。

As far as the enlightenment and the modern world go, these were brought about by people of wide minds. Racists and white supremacists can be effective at their jobs, but wide minded they greatly tend not to be.
In short, they seem to be saying to themselves ‘White people developed great things. I am white. Therefore I am responsible for those great things.” Most people I know would think this is an argument of an idiot, or at least some one who shows those tendencies.
Then they do actions, like to greatly tend not read classics or think in a balanced and fair way, which are directly opposite of the great awakenings of the last 500 years. In my experience those who claim such have very backwards habits completely opposed to how whites came to dominate the modern world.*

就启蒙和现代世界而言，这些都是由心胸宽广的人带来的。种族主义者和白人至上主义者在他们的工作中可能是有效的，但他们的胸襟很大程度上是不可能的。
简而言之，他们似乎在对自己说‘白人发展了伟大的事业。我是白人。因此，我要对那些伟大的事情负责。“。我认识的大多数人都会认为这是一个白痴的论点，或者至少是某个表现出这些倾向的人的论点很白痴。
然后他们就会采取行动，比如不去读经典作品，或者思考方式不是以一种平衡和公平的方式思考，这与过去500年的伟大觉醒是完全相反的。根据我的经验，那些声称这样做的人习惯落后，并且反对白人统治现代世界。

(For those of you outside the US or Europe, the last cell is of a Native American, whose ancestors arrived at least 13,000 years ago. Come to think of it, so did most of the Mexican immigrant ancestry via passing by what became the US.)

(对于美国或欧洲以外的人来说，最后一个牢房是美洲土著人的，他们的祖先至少在13000年前就来到了这里。想想看，大部分墨西哥人的祖先都是先经过美国的领土到达墨西哥的。)

Nor is this IMO only limited to supremacists. Most of what technologically is to the current modern world, it was developed by persons very different than those wanting to claim credit for it! It isn’t even like most of the well read persons on Quora (wide minded and diverse). Instead nowadays they would be the narrow yet diverse person inside their own field who simply excels at their specialty that maybe only a dozen people understand the frontiers which really brought most of the good stuff. Just a guess IMO, yet in the Renaissance it was common to have polymaths and wide interests. With science, technology and often in other areas, the generalist starves today. A generalist is still at key times the glue, however.

在我看来，不仅仅是至上主义者所说的。对于当今的现代世界来说，技术上的大部分东西，都是由与那些想要获得荣誉的人，非常不同的人开发出来的！它甚至不像大多数博览群书的人（思想广博，五花八门）。相反，现在他们将是在自己的领域内狭隘而多样化的人，他们只擅长自己的专业，也许只有十几个人了解真正带来大多数好东西的前沿领域。我只是猜测，但在文艺复兴时期，博学和广泛的兴趣是很常见的。在科学、技术和其他领域，多面手如今都是饥肠辘辘。然而，多面手仍然是关键时刻的粘合剂。
（译注：多面手指多才多艺，知识渊博，出类拔萃之人。）（译注：IMO，Imo。网络用语，是In my opinion的缩写，意思是在我看来，事实上这个词通常是论坛掐架的开始，它的变体有Imho，In my humble opinion，大有“区区在下不才，对这个问题是如此看的，阁下若有高见，尽请说来”的意思。）

How dare supremacists take credit for it. Traditionally people of science and technology have been most extreme as some of least tribe/race conscious people. They tend as well to care about ability in the sexted area, not creed. Of course since these are individuals there are exceptions like William Shockley - Wikipedia, ones not statistically relevant in the topic question raised. They are confusing independent freedom of thought with their sextive search in favor of dogma.

至上主义者怎么敢承认这一点。传统上，科技界人士是最极端的，因为他们是一些最不注重部落/种族的人。他们也倾向于关注所选领域的能力，而不是信条。当然，由于这些都是个人，但这证明有例外，例如william shockley维基百科，在所提出的主题问题中没有统计相关性。他们把独立的思想自由和选择性地追求教条混为一谈。
（译注： William Shockley - Wikipedia,：威廉·布拉德福德·肖克利（1910年2月13日至1989年8月12日）是美国物理学家和发明家。肖克利是贝尔实验室一个研究小组的经理，该小组成员包括约翰·巴丁和沃尔特·布拉坦。这三位科学家因“对半导体的研究和对晶体管效应的发现”共同获得1956年诺贝尔物理学奖。
部分由于肖克利在20世纪50年代和60年代试图将一种新型晶体管设计商业化，加州的“硅谷”成为电子创新的温床。在他晚年，肖克利是斯坦福大学电气工程教授，并成为优生学的支持者。）

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Jake Williams（杰克·威廉姆斯，译注：这位答主，高大6K赞，所有答题最高赞）

upxed Sep 13, 2017 · Upvoted by Caleb Smith, lives in The United States of America (2000-present) and Matthew Vang, lives in The United States of America (2001-present)
Gunpowder, paper, flamethrowers, the rowing oar
Gas cylinders, hand grenade, fireworks, and drilling bore
Dominos, mahjong, Go, and more games fine
Crossbows, merits, and the land mine
Seismometers, cast iron, horse and cart
Stir frying, tea, toilet paper, the rope dart
Nail polish, incense, things not minor
All these invented inside China
Now you know what we all knew
That crazy statement is not true
And I tell you this all in verse
Because otherwise I''''''''''''''''d just fucking curse

火药，纸，喷火器，划桨
气瓶、手榴弹、烟火和钻孔
多米诺骨牌，麻将，围棋，还有更多的游戏
弩、功德、地雷
地震仪、铸铁、马车
炒菜、茶、卫生纸、绳镖
指甲油，熏香，这些都是不是小事
所有这些都是在中国发明的
现在你知道我们所知道的是错的了吧
因为那些疯狂的说法不是真的
我用诗句告诉你
否则我就他妈的诅咒你